Csr of Ibm - 1992 Words

A report on Corporate Social Responsibility of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) SUBMITTED TO Rabeya Sultana, Assistant Professor, Department Of MIS, University of Dhaka SUBMITTED BY Akibul Kowser Pahlowan Student ID: 61222-15-055 Summer Semester 2012 Department of MIS. University of Dhaka. Candidate’s Declaration I certify that the report entitled â€Å"A report on Corporate Social Responsibility of International Business Machines Corporation (IBM)† submitted as a term paper of the course Introduction of Business is the result of my own research, except where otherwise acknowledged and this project report in whole or in part has not been submitted for an award including a higher degree, to any other†¦show more content†¦CTR adopted the name International Business Machines in 1924, using a name previously designated to CTR s subsidiary in Canada and later South America. Its distinctive culture and product branding has given it the nickname Big Blue. In 2012, Fortune ranked IBM the #2 largest U.S. firm in terms of number of employees (433,362), the #4 largest in terms of market capitalization, the #9 most profitable, and the #19 largest firm in terms of revenue. Globally, the company was ranked the #31 largest in terms of revenue by Forbes for 2011. Other rankings for 2011/2012 include #1 company for leaders (Fortune), #1 green company worldwide (Newsweek), #2 best global brand (Interbrand), #2 most respected company (Barron s), #5 most admired company (Fortune), and #18 most innovative company (Fast Company). IBM holds more patents than any other U.S.-based technology company, and has nine research laboratories worldwide. Its employees have garnered five Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, nine National Medals of Technology, and five National Medals of Science. Famous inventions by IBM include the automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the Universal Product Code (UPC), the financial swap, SABRE airline reservation system, DRAM,Show MoreRelatedIbm Case Study1972 Words   |  8 PagesIBM: The Corporate Service Corps Group 3: Flora, Mark, Tom, Larry, Peter July 2012 Content 1. Case Introduction 2. Questions and Answers 3. Summary 4. Take away 1. Case Introduction 1.1Background: International Business Machines, abbreviated IBM, is a multinational computer technology and IT consulting corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back toRead MoreCase Study : Kathryn Mcneil1173 Words   |  5 Pagesfigure in the case is Charles Foley, VP of a computer retailing firm Sayer Micro World and the case is to be analyzed through his perspective. Foley, together with his Director Lisa Walters, hired Kathryn McNeil a 37-year-old product manager to run the IBM division. McNeil has been unable to work as many hours as the other product managers due to her status as a single parent of a six-year-old boy. The company was recently acquired and the new management was demanding a quick turnaround resulting in allRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : A Strategic Concept1393 Words   |  6 Pages It is an organization’s obligation to consider the interes ts of their customers, employees, shareholders and communities, and to consider the social and environmental consequences of their business activities. (Ballowe, 2009) Companies engaged in CSR are known to voluntarily take action to eliminate production practices that could cause harm for the public. Furthermore, engaged firms tend to collaborate with appropriate institutions to create a better working and living environment. It is also commonRead MoreThe Implementation Of Corporate Social Responsibility988 Words   |  4 Pagesreport looks at the welfare of executing CSR, how to realize it and what are the diverse points of interest. Various relationships show their big-hearted acts and cover negative impacts will provoke grow association picture and agent engagement .Result exhibits that association those are focus on one social issue are pioneer in field. There is a risk in neglecting CSR, customer are more prepared and have extraordinary data. This conclusion is that if CSR is joined will be great position for an attachmentRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Csr Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pages â€Æ' Table of Content Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Understanding the Importance of CSR 4 Corporate Social Responsibility Audit 6 Findings 6 Conclusion 7 Recommendations 7 Reference List 8 Executive Summary After investigating the current situation, I found that the poor working conditions and underpayment reduce loyalty and employees’ satisfaction, employees feeling pressure with high workload and poor working conditions, substandard waste disposal methods causedRead MoreEthics And Supply Chain : Case Study1647 Words   |  7 Pagesenvironmentally preferable materials. 4.9 billion KWh of electricity was saved as a result of IBM’s annual energy conservation projects between 1990 and 2008. 3.3 million Metric tons of CO2 emissions were avoided i.e. $343 million was energy expense savings. IBM has been successful in identifying potential substitutes that may have less impact on the environment .For example they have restricted themselves from using heavy metals, including lead hexavalent chromium and mercury for packaging. Apart from ethicsRead MoreOrganizational Structure, Culture And Other Business Practices1288 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsibility (CSR) it’s a concepts of business practice which involving initiatives that benefits society that business operating in. In terms of business practices in the financial industry CSR contributes to sustainable development by delivering economic, social and environment benefits for all stakeholders within the company. CSR is a very broad concept where it address many topic such as economic development, human rights and environmental effects. With current issues that happening in the world CSR speciallyRead MoreCsr And Product Lifecycle And Its Components Essay1425 Words   |  6 PagesCSR is a very relevant and important piece of any company’s marketing equation. In the past, it was not even a consideration but with the education and affluence of today’s consumer, a company must address CSR on some level if it expects to be successful in the future. When looking at CSR, the product lifecycle and its components are more relevant than ever before. An organizations true commitment to follow through on CSR and product lifecycle can truly affect the company’s success and reputationRead MoreQuestions On Web Filter Ui853 Words   |  4 Pagesviewed by downloading a free chrome extension on your browser and enabling it to Figure 13. Filtered Page Figure 14. Web Summarization UI Figure 15. Summarized Page play on any generalized web sites as shown in figure 16. BVI CSR: More information about imple- mentation details can be found at our website whose user interface looks as shown in figure 17 and we will be implementing this approach if we tackle all the occurring challenges. 5 FU TU R E WO R K A NDRead MoreCompany Overview: Thoughtworks1193 Words   |  5 Pagespoint in its development. ThoughtWorks is a fraction of the size of larger competitors. For example, Accenture has over a hundred and seventy thousand consultants and IBM has over three hundred thousand. ThoughtWorks cannot compete with these competitors directly; or anywhere close for that matter. While organizations like Accenture and IBM can offer clients comprehensive IT solutions for nearly anything they could need in the world of IT, ThoughtWorks has a far narrower product mix and focuses on a fairly

Sleep Deprivation On College Students - 1488 Words

Sleep Deprivation in College Students Stress Management Betty Diaz August 14, 2017 Abstract A common problem in many young adults in college is sleep deprivation. College students are some of the most sleep deprived people. Their sleep hygiene behavior is worse than adults. An adequate amount of sleep time is 7 to 8 hours each night to complete a regular sleep cycle. When college students have less sleep time, they are disturbing their sleeping cycle and their bodies respond by decreasing their ability to concentrate on tasks. Sleep deprivation can affect your everyday life in many different ways. For instances, it can decrease your physical health, mental health, and academic performance. The following articles will be focusing on†¦show more content†¦One of the main symptoms of sleep deprivation is excessive daytime sleepiness in addition to poor memory, poor concentration, and depressed mood (Colten, Altevogt, Institute of medicine, 2006). As time goes by for adults, sleep deprivation increases, and studies have shown that about 18% of adults in the US report getting insufficient sleep. Why are college students sleep deprived? One factor that increase sleep loss is the poor sleep hygiene. Sleep hygiene is the promotion of regular sleep (CDC, 2012). Without sufficient sleep hygiene, students may notice that their health worsen and can encourage sleep deprivation. A study completed with college students showed that 33% of sleep deprived students took longer than 30 minutes to fall sleep, and 43% of the students studied also reported prematurely waking up more than once on a nightly basis (Forquer, Camden, Gabriau, Johnson, 2008). One can say that college students have different sleep hygiene depending on their majors. Even though it may be true that some majors have different amount of work load, Forquer et al. (2008) found that there isn’t any difference between the grade level they’re in in college. METHODS The path to the college student with sleep deprivation, should include a screening process to determine if the patient’s sleep deprivation has a primary cause or if it is secondary. Some common primary sleep disorder as defined by the DSM-IV-TR, are divided into two categories, dyssomniasShow MoreRelatedSleep Deprivation of College Students1197 Words   |  5 PagesSleep Deprivation of college students It is 11:30 in the morning and the lecture started half an hour ago. The classroom is still half empty. Although half of the class is here, they don’t look like awake. Most of them look like zombies. The above scenario is a common condition taken place in colleges. A research done by Tsui,YY, et al (2009) shows that two thirds of the participating students reported sleep deprivation. The poor sleep quality results in their zombie looks and poor attendantsRead MoreSleep Deprivation of College Students1182 Words   |  5 PagesSleep Deprivation of college students It is 11:30 in the morning and the lecture started half an hour ago. The classroom is still half empty. Although half of the class is here, they don’t look like awake. Most of them look like zombies. The above scenario is a common condition taken place in colleges. A research done by Tsui,YY, et al (2009) shows that two thirds of the participating students reported sleep deprivation. The poor sleep quality results in their zombie looks and poor attendants inRead MoreSleep Deprivation On College Students1125 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Sleep deprivation in college students General purpose: Inform classmates of the importance of sleep  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Specific Purpose: State the consequences of not getting enough sleep Thesis Statement: When the projects, exams, and extra-curricular activities start to pile up on one another it seems as though there is not enough time in the day.   This is when college students tend to lose precious hours of sleep and the consequences can be costly. Organizational Pattern: topical       I. IntroductionRead MoreSleep Deprivation On College Students1468 Words   |  6 PagesSleep Deprivation in College Students According to the Google definition, sleep is a condition of body and mind such as that which typically recurs for several hours every night. While the nervous system is relatively inactive, the eyes close, the postural muscles relax, and consciousness is practically suspended. It has been proven by researchers at sleepfoundation.org that one of the vital roles of sleep is to help us solidify our memories. As we go about our day, our brains take in an incredibleRead MoreEssay on Sleep Deprivation in College Students1144 Words   |  5 Pagesto ask them what the cause of their restlessness was, the popular statement would be a lack of sleep. However, most would not dare to think that a lack of sleep could cause multiple issues in everyday life. This problem has been seen to peak during the good ole college days. It is hard to imagine that those days of all-night cramming sessions and those late nights partying causing students to be sleep deprived could lead to a variety of problems like stress, long term insomnia, and a weakened immuneRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pages Sleep deprivation is a frequent obstacle that many college students in America face. Insomnia in college students can have an immense impact on psychological and physical health, which greatly influence academic success. Research shows that 70% of college students qualify as sleep deprived. Sleep deprivation has also been linked with several diseases/disorders, including: depression, anxiety, and obesity. Our research question investigated how sleep deprivation in college students affectsRead MoreSleep Deprivation Among College Students1146 Words   |  5 PagesTopic: Sleep deprivation among college students. Specific Purpose: To persuade my peers to get a sufficient amount of sleep. Central Idea: Sleep deprivation among college students can lead to poor performance and health problems, so finding ways to sleep more can help improve your sleeping habits. INTRODUCTION Attention-getter: Think of this scenario. It is Thursday night. You have an English paper due the next day at 9:00 in the morning and you have barely even thought about what your topic shouldRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students1217 Words   |  5 Pages Although acquiring the basic amount of sleep seems to be an easy task, college students are struggling to snag even a couple hours of sleep, thus significantly affecting their four domains of development during a crucial developmental period in their lives. College students are going through the development period, Emerging Adulthood, which is from the ages of 18 to 25 years old. During this period of time, adolescents tend to focus on their self-development and discover their identity and the fourRead MoreSpeech On Sleep Deprivation And College Students1305 Words   |  6 PagesDilan Behrle Topic: Sleep Deprivation Organization: Topically Specific Purpose: Sleep and college students usually don’t tend to get along very well. Sleep and college life often bump heads due to stress, coursework and social activities. This speech will give the students useful information about dangers of not getting enough sleep and also hints on how to get a better nights sleep. INTRODUCTION A. Attention Getter: Did you know 40% of Americans or (100 million people) are moderatelyRead MoreThe Effects Of Sleep Deprivation On College Students987 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Sleep is an incredibly important physiological action that functions as a period of growth, repair, rest, and relaxation for the human body (â€Å"Sleep,† 2015). As a population, college students are notorious for their skewed sleep patterns and their overall lack of getting the sufficient number of hours of sleep they need to perform optimally in school. Cramming the night before exams by pulling an â€Å"all-nighter† as well as the overall excessive number of distractions that present themselves

Labor and the Grievance Process Free Essays

The history of the grievance process in American history is a lengthy one as it saw its initial origins in the very first labor movements of the 19th century. The growth of organized labor continued for many decades seeing a great deal of its power strengthened during the early Twentieth century as socialist and anarchist groups greatly empowered and organized the movement. With the development of the Labor Relations Board under the New Deal era of the 1930’s, organized labor saw its power solidified in the United States until its eventual decline in the latter half of the 20th century, a steep decline that continues to this very day. We will write a custom essay sample on Labor and the Grievance Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Grievance Procedure, really got a toe hold during World War ll, when the War Labor Board was developed for the purpose of keeping steady employment, minus the threat and practice of strikes, for the purpose of keeping productivity at a peak during the war effort. It was during these years the Grievance Procedure reached its real recognition as means of preventing strikes and at the same time giving the worker an opportunity to air his differences with the employer. Remember back then â€Å"Rosie the Riviter†, had no say in the matter!   Since the years of World War ll, the Grievance Procedure of irreconcilable differences have become nationally recognized method of dealing with labor problems. (Parsons) Rules of employment are meant to be honored by both the employee and management. Management will have certain standards and requirements in order for an employee to remain employed and, conversely, an employee who is part of a collective bargaining unit has the right to expect that management honor the bargaining agreement. When there is an obvious and material breach of the bargaining contract, then it is well within the rights of the employee to file a grievance. The very nature of the fact that the employee has filed a grievance means that at some point there has been a  communication breakdown between management and employee. Furthermore, there must be some legitimate basis for the grievance in order for the union to take up the cause. Many grievances are won or lost in the early stages of the grievance procedure. The steward must understand how the arbitration process works and what is needed to succeed if a grievance goes all the way to a hearing. Proper preparation will result in a higher winning percentage and make presenting the grievance in the arbitration hearing much easier. This course is designed for those who have completed Grievance Handling and/or Steward Training. Topics include: evidence and proof in arbitration; the rules of evidence; gathering and organizing evidence; case analysis and settlement consideration; anatomy of the arbitration hearing; the seven tests of just cause; and how to judge whether the arbitrator’s decision runs counter to the purposes of the National Labor Relations Act (Kretchsmar) That is to say, to grieve without a violation of the bargaining contract will render the grievance useless and, ultimately, dismissed. This is why unions are careful to make sure that an actual breach has occurred before pressing forth with a grievance complaint. Now, as to whether or not the grievance procedure is workable or not, this depends on the individuals who are involved. If either management or the union are very stubborn and are prone to interpret the law as the see fit or willfully participate in unfair labor practices, then the entire grievance procedure will be undermined by the incompetent actions of the individuals who are taking part in the process. In a way, the grievance process as it relates to labor in the United States is both a simple and complex issue that can be viewed by various facets. If one were to judge whether or not the overall scope of the grievance process has been successful, the answer would be yes as the United States has produced some incredible private sector success stories that involved helped from organized labor. Bibliography Badger, John. The New Deal: The Depression Years. Chicago: Ivan R Dee Publishing, 2002. Kretchsmar, John. (2006) â€Å"Labor Workshops.† Retrieved 11 February 2007. http://www.unomaha.edu/~wbils/labor2.html Parsons, Tony. (1999) â€Å"Defending Worker Rights.† Retrieved 11 February 2007. ; ; How to cite Labor and the Grievance Process, Essay examples

History of scientific method free essay sample

Francis Bacon was born in London in 1561 and died 1626. He ended up being a great philosopher, an author, and the inventor of the inductive method, also known for advancing the scientific method. He was the second son of Sir Nicholas Bacon and Lady Anne Cooke Bacon. Lady Anne was the second wife of Sir Nicholas. Sir Nicholas was also the Lord Keeper of the Seal at the time, which is a job that would eventually be held by his son, Francis Bacon. Bacon started going to Trinity College in Cambridge in 1573, when he was only 11 years old. He completed his course of study there only two years later. After that he went to the school that his older brother, Anthony, went to which was Grey’s Inn, where he studied law after his father died in 1579. Bacon’s involvement in high politics started in 1584. He always aimed to change the thoughts of natural philosophy and tried to get himself in high political offices. However, Queen Elizabeth tended not to trust him very much especially he refused to agree to her request of funds for the Parliament. He decided to vote to allow the subsidies but to double the amount of time it takes to deliver them. â€Å"Bacon had emphasized the necessity of scientific improvement and progress. Since he failed to secure for himself a position in the government, he considered the possibility of giving up politics and concentrating on natural philosophy. It is no wonder, then, that Bacon engaged in many scholarly and literary pursuits in the 1590s†(Klein). In 1597, he published his first book, the seminal version of his Essays, though his income was still fairly unstable. I find it fairly humorous that Bacon planned to marry a rich widow named Lady Hatton, but was unable to because a man named Sir Edward Coke was courting her. In 1617, Francis Bacon was made the new Keeper of The Seal, and was made lord chancellor the next year and received the title of Baron Verulam. In 1620, Bacon wrote the book â€Å"Novum Organum,† which means â€Å"New Method. † He was the leading advocate of the inductive reasoning method. Inductive reasoning is the process that draws on the particulars of sensory evidence to form general principles(Fiero). He used inductive reasoning in attempts to improve the errors made by both Plato and Aristotle. â€Å"Aristotelian philosophy was based on a set of rules that governed the consistency between conclusion and a foundation that was accepted as unquestioningly true; Bacon’s philosophy was the opposite†(Soibelman). Bacon turned his back on Aristotle and Classical science. He looked to remove errors by blind obedience of religions and traditional authorities(Fiero). Bacon was also warned against four â€Å"Idols† that make clear and objective thoughts difficult. The first he called The Idols of the Tribe, which are deceptive things inherent in the mind of man, and so the entire human race has it. These may include that people always try to fit things into patterns, even if it isn’t actually in a pattern. They see what they want to see according to their beliefs because their six senses are flawed and are able to fool them(Terry). The next he called The Idols of the Cave, which are in the minds of each individual and are based on the individual education and background of each person. The â€Å"Cave† represents the mind. The person’s thoughts wander, some peoples thoughts wander more than others, through the cave of the mind. They can be changed by the person’s mood, education, background and habit. People will usually look back on conclusions they have learned before or come up with themselves and they will tend to favor the ideas that support those previous ideas. Individuals also tend to favor different things because of their background or education. For example, some will favor differences, while others favor similarities. People will see different things depending on their interests as well. The mathematician will see math and numbers in all things, like the T. V. character Charlie Eppes from the show Numb3rs. The chemist will see chemistry in all things and the architect tends to see shapes in all things. The third he called The Idols of the Marketplace, and that one was based on the verbal communication of people. It is based primarily on bad word choices and misunderstanding of others. He believed that, though people like to think they use words to express their thoughts on a subject, the words would replace thoughts all together. â€Å"†¦Words arise as substitutes for thoughts and men think they have won an argument because they have out-talked their opponents†(Hall). Words can have several different meanings. For example, the word light could mean the opposite of heavy or it could mean something that illuminates, such as the sun, a lamp, fire, or a beacon. Another example of this is the word like. Like could mean to be similar to, or it could mean to have a preference for something. Words can frequently work against what the speaker is really trying to say. They can make things seem different than what was really intended. The last was known as The Idols of the Theatre, which are hindrances caused by philosophy, tradition, theology, and science. Since these idols are practiced and defended by the well-educated people, the less-educated people tend to just accept their validity without question. This is how cults and even some religions have started. A person will take a single verse or small group of verses out of the Bible completely out of context and build a whole religion off of it. Using that method, a person could make the Bible say whatever they wanted it to say. The really sad part about that is that those cults will often still see themselves as, and call themselves Christians. People who follow these ways of thinking have children and grandchildren who just accept it as truth because it’s all they’ve known, so it becomes part of their way of life and influences their way of thinking. In 1626, Francis Bacon decided to try an experiment on how the cold would affect the decay of meat. So he bought a chicken and stuffed it with snow. Unfortunately, he caught a cold, which developed into pneumonia, and he died on April 9th. Bacon was the man that set up the basis that let people like Galileo come up with the theories that they did. Before this peoples’ philosophies were based on pure faith and, actually, had very little to do with logical reasoning. He was the guy that disagreed with the way things were and pointed them out. Descartes probably would not have gotten along with him very well. Even today, we base the majority of our philosophies on reasoning rather than just human belief. Actually, Bacon’s Four Idols are, even still, good things to watch out for and avoid. They do pose serious problems even if you aren’t a philosopher. There is a lot to be learned from the way Bacon looked at the world. Works Cited

Proper Discipline free essay sample

Discipline PW La Plante Discipline means control gained by enforcing obedience or order. It also means orderly or prescribed conduct or pattern of behavior. Discipline is important in all situations by everyone young old. Discipline can vary from keeping yourself from eating the last piece of pizza or killing someone. Without discipline, the world would be more chaotic than what it is now. Jim Rohn said once Discipline is the bridge between goals and accomplishment. Discipline is applied to each activity in our lives. I however have shown a extreme lack of discipline by falling asleep in class, in doing so I have shown a tremendous lack of discipline to my instructors, my class mates, the organization that has so graciously placed me in a learning environment only to show a extreme disrespect by falling asleep in the learning environment to show that I have serious problems with discipline. We will write a custom essay sample on Proper Discipline or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In basic training, whenever we would start to fall asleep are drill sergeants would tell us when we start to fall asleep that it was Just a lack of discipline. Here I can see that the same rules apply forcing yourself to stay awake regardless of what you are doing requires mental discipline because even though that a person such as myself maybe not wish to be told to do something other than what we would choose to do go off wander in our heads about other places other things. This in fact means you are wrong because when given a specific task whether it be simple as paying attention to the teacher or simply getting the correct items on a grocery list one must have focus at the task at hand. For example, I was in class I was suppose to be finishing up my practical exercise section three on operation overlays this exercise could have been very useful in the future exam which I am to take in the near future. However I choose to be a free thinking idiot take a nap, which was a very big sign of disrespect, a reflection of showing that my discipline levels were very terrible because rather than study, pay attention focus learn. I felt that it was in my best interest to take a nap think that the instructor who was no more than ten feet away would not catch me with my eyes losed dozing off, this action has taught me that discipline common sense can be both one in the same. Had I chose to show proper discipline in this matter I would have gotten the full benefit of the learning objective the crucial information that this course requires me to learn for the exam that I am taking next week. But instead of relaxing on a weekend doing other things to my hearts content I am here writing an essay on discipline because clearly I have shown that I have none. This will be a serious reminder for all future classes that I am not a unique beautiful snowflake hat I cannot Just fall asleep in class because I have the discipline to stay awake do what I am told. My class mates unlike myself show a higher level of self respect a great deal of discipline because they unlike me were able to stay awake in class do as they were told. But for me, falling asleep is a very negative reflection of them for they show they were) to complete the objective at hand. They show great discipline I on the other hand have insulted them by doing the opposite because of this I made the whole class look bad. Not only did they not deserve it my lack of discipline could also encourage others to do the same because one rotten apple can spoil the whole bunch. I do look up to my classmates admire their great mental conditioning of them to go to class do what they are told complete it with very little flaw despite the fact that they do not want to be there would rather be doing other things. They are truly a example of a square away bunch that I should take notes on for they have much discipline I truly should be learning a thing or two from them. The army is an organization that is widely known through out the entire world for its discipline merit that I am apart of should live up to. Since 1776, the Army has trained soldiers to win wars protect the land to help society develop evolve into a much better place. These reasons make the Army a very adapt well rounded respected war fighting organization, because they truly are a example of great leadership which can only be obtained by strict order through discipline. By my actions, I have practically spat in the face of the organization by pulling a complete ne-eighty of what the army is about, because while I fall asleep in class there are soldiers over seas who are fighting for their lives to protect the whole countrys freedom my self righteous, pathetic way of living. Those soldiers who I speak of train themselves through mental discipline courage to stay awake for days at a time while under fire under circumstances that would make people, like myself, be completely crack under that kind of pressure yet they stay awake during such dire circumstances while I fall asleep in a relaxed, air conditioned comfortable room far, ar away from any real sort of danger or worry other than a paper cut. So what is discipline you ask? Discipline is control of ones mind to do the right thing showing restraint in ones own desires to be very mature act professional my instructors, classmates, United States Army are all fine examples of the word discipline. I will clearly straighten out my act look up to them so that I too can grasp the concept of discipline to maybe gain some self discipline as to not disgrace them to be apart of the solution rather than the problem.

5 Breakthrough Techniques For Running A High-Traffic Blog

5 Breakthrough Techniques For Running A High-Traffic Blog When you jump out of an airplane,  you  better have a plan ready. Step one is a parachute, and step two is learning how to hit the  ground. Paratroopers have a  technique for this that allows them to  land safely. They call it a PLF (parachute landing fall). It goes like this: US Department of the Army manual, Public domain Balls of the feet Heels of the feet Side of the thigh Side of the hip, or buttocks Back of the shoulder blades Make sense right? Theres nothing like easing into it. Now, what about your blog? A blog launch is a lot like the initial jump out of an airplane. It is exhilarating, fast paced, and comes with an amazing view, but what happens after the free fall? Eventually, as a blogger or content marketing pro, you need a good plan in order to breakthrough the initial launch and begin running  high-traffic blog. Are you  really getting the traffic and attention you hoped for? Does your content have an ROI? Are you  going to be able stick the  landing without breaking your legs? Just like parajumpers, bloggers need a 5-point plan for sticking the free fall. Maybe you just launched a new blog, or maybe you are looking to revitalize a long-held content marketing plan. Either way, you need to have a process ready and that is what I have tried to compile in this post. I am calling it,  The 5 Point Plan For Running A Breakthrough Blog, and its actually pretty doable. This guide is  designed to take your blog from launch to high-end breakthrough traffic. The following five steps are what it takes. 1. Develop A Super-Human Understanding Of Your Audience We have been spending the entire month of August blogging  about  finding, growing, creating, and (most importantly) understanding your blog audience, and weve been doing it for good reason – it is the cornerstone of any breakthrough blog. Your blog exists for the pleasure of your audience. If you dont understand them, then how will you ever reach them? Too often, we take the Field of Dreams approach to content creation. We believe that if we write it, they will come.  Wrong. We need to have purpose in what we publish. One of the things that we talk about often is learning to expand your content core.  The purpose of this exercise  is to understand the difference between what you do, and what you need to talk about. This is where you start to understand your audience. The key is finding the content that your audience really cares about, and using those topics to reach them directly. It is a crucial component for any breakthrough blog. Further Reading: How To Find Your Target Audience In Content Marketing Are You Making These 5 Assumptions About Your Audience? How To Write For Two Audiences At Once 3 Hidden Google Analytics Reports To Help You Understand Your Audience 2. Find A Truly Unique Voice Lets face it. Youre arent the first person in the world to launch a blog in your niche, industry, or even on your city block. When it comes to blogs and content marketing there are few new ideas. Been there, done that. Dont let this dismal take on blogging stop you from trying though. The reality is that you dont have to be doing something new to be doing something great. Truthfully, most blogs are simply doing the same thing as everyone else. Theyre not that great. The key is to figure out how youre different. At , we call this a  Blue Ocean Strategy,  and it works because it is strategy without real competition. So, what is your Blue Ocean Strategy? The main quality of a Blue Ocean Strategy is that it is completely unique. There is no one-size-fits-all approach. You will need to come up with something on your own, but done correctly, it should provide you will a clear path to creating a blog that your audience loves to read. Further Reading:   Want To Make Your Blog Stand Out? Use The Blue Ocean Strategy How Pixar’s Creative Process Will Help You Produce More Innovative Content 3 Memory Techniques That Get People To Remember Your Content Is Familiarity Killing Your Project Before You Even Launch? 3.  Create An Achievable Publishing Schedule You have to set a schedule detailing how often you will  blog. If you dont, you  will fail. Its as simple as that. For early bloggers, I like to suggest that they start posting content as much as five times per week. This is a great way to start learning the ropes and get used to pressing that daunting publish button. As good as that may sound, though, it wont always be achievable, and thats really the most important part about setting a blogging schedule: You need to find something that you can set, and achieve. Once you know how often you will post, you need to develop an editorial calendar and process for planning our your content before you start to write. Here at , we provide a free set of editorial calendar templates that make this process easy. These free templates are designed to break your content down into three tools: An annual overview to rough-out your content plan for the entire year. An idea zone to plan out individual posts and content ideas. A one-month calendar to plan out specific posts for each day of the month. Download Free Content Marketing Editorial Calendar Templates You can download these free templates and an easy step-by-step guide on how to implement them into your daily workflow from our website. Just follow the link above. The best part about using a  paper editorial calendar is that it can help you start the habit of using one to plan your content marketing. Eventually you will need bigger and better tools like itself, but this is a great way to ease-in without a major financial investment. Further Reading: Get Our Free Editorial Calendar Templates The Ultimate Guide To Writing A Consistent Blog With A Content Marketing Editorial Calendar Try This Breakthrough Content Marketing Workflow For Your Team   4. Write Amazing  Content That Is Undeniably Sticky This is a biggy: To break through with your blog, you need to create better, and more original, content than everyone else. This can come in many unique forms. It could be longer (long-form content). It could be more visual. It could be better at telling a story. It could excel at SEO. Really, it could be anything. Even in a time with  Google, bots, and SEO, quality content is still the line that we need to measure  ourselves by, and it isnt always that easy. Sometimes content flows from our fingertips like lightning, and other times it drips like a painful leak in an old faucet. This is may require an adjustment to your process, but you must  find a better way. One of  first places to start writing sticky  content is with a great  headline. Before you even start to create your content, headline generation is a good way to think through your post before words meet the page. We like recommend writing at least 25 different headlines  during your early brainstorming process. This will get things flowing, and help you frame your content properly before going too far. You can also measure the emotional value of your headlines to ensure proper reach. Further Reading: Proof That Emotional Headlines Get Shared More On Social Media 25 Scientifically Proven Ways To Write Better Headlines For Your Blog 4-Step System For Writing A Great Blog Post, Even If You Have Writers Block The Perfect Blog Post: Simpler Is Better 5. Learn  How To Promote Your Content Like A P.R. Wizard One of the saddest stories in the world is the blog post that is published and never heard from again. After pouring all of your effort into an outstanding and insightful post, it will be up to you to make sure that it is heard around the world. In order to run a breakthrough blog, you are going to need to have a promotion plan in place. There are two big things that you need to be doing.

Audiovisual critical theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Audiovisual critical theory - Essay Example He has developed the modern society and in it he has replaced the authentic social life with his interpretation of representation. He has thus, written about the traced of this modern society. He also argued through his book that the social life history should be understood by the â€Å"decline of being into having, and having into appearing†. This is the history where the commodity is finally recognized as colonization of the modern social life. This is the overall idea of the degrading of the human life. Debord has used the term spectacle in his title which is also closely related to the confluence in the society of advance capitalism. The word has been specifically used in the sense to describe the mass media and the kinds of governments who have favored the phenomenon. In his book that followed Comments on the Society of the Spectacle, Debord mentioned the spectacle as the period coming to the existence in the 1920s. He introduced this period as the coming to the existence in which the modern techniques of advertising were introduced, more innovative techniques and ideas were initiated to being used in which the campaign of Edward Bernays for the industry of tobacco was keenly highlighted (Debord,  1998, p. 87). The spectacle is thus described as the image of the modern society where the relations between the commodities have taken place by the relations of the people amongst themselves. This society is the one in which the genuine activity is seen and identified with the spectacles. But the spectacle is not merely taken to be the collection of images; it is rather the relation of the people amongst each other which is reflected by the images. Throughout his analysis of the spectacle society, the writer has regarded that the quality of life is getting poorer. He highlights some of the major points that can be influenced in these aspects such as the lacking in authenticity, the effects on the human perceptions,

Discuss with me after reviewing the attachments Research Paper

Discuss with me after reviewing the attachments - Research Paper Example Introduction: Syria is part of that region that has seen a revolution of its kind which has engulfed the entire region and has taken every area by storm. This revolution has come in form of Arab Spring. Starting off with self immolation of an individual and a twenty six year old citizen of Tunis, it has never looked back since then and now the revolution has its eyes on Yemen, Bahrain. The most recent causality of this revolution is Syria. It all started in Syria in early 2011(Mackinnon, 64). While other revolutions have settled with time, the Syrian revolution is taking time and is turning out to be the deadliest and bloodiest of all since massive destruction and calamity is on show. United Nations and its stance on governmental actions: United Nations which came into existence right after Second World War has clearly underlined the concepts and instructions pertinent to the governmental approach and actions in different countries. Under these instructions no outsider force has the right to dictate any terms, nor help any party in the conflict. There by United States of America Stands unjust in supporting the rebels in Syria. United Nations stresses for peaceful resolution of disputes and allows the citizens to make decisions rather than outside forces. United Nations has passed number of resolutions in this regard seeking a peaceful end to the violent days in Syria and transfer of power to the people’s elected. Demographic stats: The country lies on the shores of Mediterranean Sea along the borders of Lebanon, Turkey and Iraq. This gives it a strategic importance based on its locality and other vital stats. While the Middle East region is sought after for its natural resources and other areas of strategic importance, in such case Syria stands as area of high importance. The country has a population of around twenty million, with majority of the population being Muslims who are further divided into Shiite, Kurds, Armenians and Sunni factions. However th e bulk of population is Sunni (Ma?oz, Winkler and Ginat). Present status of Syrian rebels group: The rebels have gained ground in recent times, with massive causalities suffered by the government, its machinery limited to central parts of the country only, rebels over taking parts of the country and Bashar Al Asad’s government standing on its last feet. The rebels constitute the people who took to the streets against the government, the ousted army personnel who refused to follow orders of the Baath party aimed at crushing the uprising of the masses even if it required killing them and using other coercive means. Rebels groups are further strengthened by the opposition parties who have joined hands against the Baath party and have decided to give the death blow to the Baath party through collective efforts. Their resolve is further strengthened by the foreign aid provided by United States of America and other allies, which in other means has made the war more deadly and sinis ter. Other units in the rebel bench include political activists who are seeking a free political atmosphere in the country which it has rarely seen in last fifty years. Form of Government: The government is presidential in its outlook, however the president enjoys supreme powers and the power is confined to a single family which makes it more of dynastic government than true democracy. A single party government is in place called the

EMPLOYMENT LAW(EQUAL PAY LAWS-ARE THE ADEQUATE Essay

EMPLOYMENT LAW(EQUAL PAY LAWS-ARE THE ADEQUATE - Essay Example It would be necessary to consider each aspect individually in order to arrive at the correct results regarding the effectiveness of relevant legislatures and laws on the overall parity between genders in the context of UK employment scenario. What is necessary to consider in this paper is its scope, in that it is to examine whether the laws monitoring a more just and equitable wage distribution system between genders, absence of bias and discrimination in wage rate fixation systems among the genders and also the impact of work performance. The simple and logical rule is that both men and women need to be paid equally for performing the same kind and output of work, and there should be no bias or discrimination in wage rate fixation based on their gender and not performance. Further, the onus would fall upon the employers to prove that differentials in wage scales were due to other important and significant considerations other then gender. When men and women are performing the same kind of work, and following the same criteria for its performance, it is necessary that they be rewarded on similar quantitative basis, to avoid disparity and bias in wage payment systems. Again, if differentials persist, it would be incumbent upon the part of the employers to state and prove the reasons for such differences were due to material reasons other than the choice of gender discrimination. For instance it could be due to better technical knowledge, greater output and superior quality of performance, etc. It is proposed to examine these laws and directives in order to reach a consensus on the effectiveness of wage equality laws. Moreover, another important aspect that needs to be considered in this context could be that laws need to be operationalised and properly implemented in order to be of some consequence. Besides, constant monitoring and follow up action also needs to be made in order to be of some

Strombidae Protected Fisheries

Strombidae Protected Fisheries

Literature Essay -- Education, Reading

Literature has the ability to take students to new places, and it allows them to experience many things they will never encounter in their lifetimes. In an effort to afford this opportunity to experience new things to all children, numerous studies have been conducted to examine ways to improve elementary students’ reading skills and overall reading comprehension. Within these studies, scholars have discussed links between vocabulary acquisition, vocabulary knowledge, fluency, and reading comprehension. This paper discusses these links and strategies to help students improve all aspects of their reading. In 1997, Congress asked the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD, 2000) to select an independent panel of reviewers to evaluate research and literature in order to determine the most effective way to teach children how to read. This panel was comprised of fourteen individuals from a variety of backgrounds; scientists in reading research, representatives of colleges of education, reading teachers, educational administrators, and parents. The panel came to be known as the National Reading Panel (NRP). The result of the NRP research was that the most effective way to teach children to read is through diverse instructional methods and techniques. According to the panel, effective reading instruction should consist of teaching students to break apart words and listen for sounds (phonemic awareness), teaching students that sounds form words (phonics), having students read aloud and provide them with feedback (guided oral reading), and applying comprehension strategies to guide and build complete reading comprehension. With this new wealth of knowledge, the NICHD began distributing their findings to... ...ntiff. This enriched content allows little doubt as to what the meaning of the vocabulary word is. The reader is able to use this example to not only learn the meaning of the word, but to gain an understanding of the purpose and way to use context clues to construct meaning. Hacker (2004) pointed out that one important strategy that is central to improving students’ reading comprehension is students’ ability to monitor their own comprehension. This concept is carried out by students identifying and resolving their own errors in reading. Students need to be able to decide whether or not what they have read makes sense. If not, they need to realize that they have encountered an error and begin problem solving as to what needs to be reread. This skill is especially important as students get older and begin reading an increasing volume of text independently. Literature Essay -- Education, Reading Literature has the ability to take students to new places, and it allows them to experience many things they will never encounter in their lifetimes. In an effort to afford this opportunity to experience new things to all children, numerous studies have been conducted to examine ways to improve elementary students’ reading skills and overall reading comprehension. Within these studies, scholars have discussed links between vocabulary acquisition, vocabulary knowledge, fluency, and reading comprehension. This paper discusses these links and strategies to help students improve all aspects of their reading. In 1997, Congress asked the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD, 2000) to select an independent panel of reviewers to evaluate research and literature in order to determine the most effective way to teach children how to read. This panel was comprised of fourteen individuals from a variety of backgrounds; scientists in reading research, representatives of colleges of education, reading teachers, educational administrators, and parents. The panel came to be known as the National Reading Panel (NRP). The result of the NRP research was that the most effective way to teach children to read is through diverse instructional methods and techniques. According to the panel, effective reading instruction should consist of teaching students to break apart words and listen for sounds (phonemic awareness), teaching students that sounds form words (phonics), having students read aloud and provide them with feedback (guided oral reading), and applying comprehension strategies to guide and build complete reading comprehension. With this new wealth of knowledge, the NICHD began distributing their findings to... ...ntiff. This enriched content allows little doubt as to what the meaning of the vocabulary word is. The reader is able to use this example to not only learn the meaning of the word, but to gain an understanding of the purpose and way to use context clues to construct meaning. Hacker (2004) pointed out that one important strategy that is central to improving students’ reading comprehension is students’ ability to monitor their own comprehension. This concept is carried out by students identifying and resolving their own errors in reading. Students need to be able to decide whether or not what they have read makes sense. If not, they need to realize that they have encountered an error and begin problem solving as to what needs to be reread. This skill is especially important as students get older and begin reading an increasing volume of text independently.

Counterintelligence Policies

One of threatening crime these days in the U. S. is terrorism like the 9/11 tragedy and other similar terrorism attacks. The reason is obvious that such attacks turn out to be suddenly happened that scare most people to go into public venues like malls, office buildings, bus or railway stations, and other places of interests. Prior to 9/11 tragedy, the U. S. experienced impressive economy growth in terms of GDP in which, according to CIA Factbook, â€Å"before 2001 the country became the largest and the most powerful economy in the world with a per capita GDP of $36,200† (†CIA Factbook 2001†).However, the situation turned upside down when terrorists attacked the Pentagon and Two Buildings of World Trade Center in September 2001. It turned out that the 9/11 brought the country’s economy to experience a great suffer since some industries experienced great losses and slow growth afterwards. In order to prevent such huge loses in the future; U. S. government tak es some necessary actions in both foreign and domestic policy especially regarding the home country defense initiatives (counterintelligence) to protect U. S. citizen from foreign espionages that threatens the U.S. nation security, which also impacts the country economy. Concerning the counterintelligence issues that the U. S. faces, therefore, the thesis statement for this paper is â€Å"As foreign intelligence action becomes threats to the U. S. national security, what goals and policies that U. S. counterintelligence has within the past six decades and in the future and what factors in the counterintelligence initiatives that need fixing to improve future successes in counterintelligence† 2. Counterintelligences in the U. S. 2. 1 History and Recent Cases of Counterintelligence in the U.S. A great power is the result of the great pressure. This condition highlights the roadmap of the U. S. counterintelligence initiatives within the past six decades. To date, United States i s still perceived as the most powerful nation on the earth that suggests many actions threat the country to challenge their defense system. Due to the current position as a super power country, such actions to the country’s land will take months or even years of preparation since the attackers must have reliable information about the country’s defense before prior to execute it.Since any attacks to the country take some times by sending the intelligence, therefore, the country has to have the capability to counteract any intelligence performed by country’s counterparts by securing vital information about their national security plans. One of action to secure it is through counterintelligence. Historically, counterintelligence started several decades ago when John Jay became the first coordinated a national level of counterintelligence efforts.At that time, the goal of committing the counterintelligence is to lead a legislative committee to investigate a plot to sabotage defense and infrastructure targets in New York. In his investigations, Jay employs at least 10 agents; a few of the famous ones are Nathaniel Sackett, Elijah Hunter and Enoch Crosby. All of his agents were operating under enormous pressure. Some were undercover; being unmasked meant death to all of them (Rose P. K. , 1999). Enoch Crosby is the best secret agent that John Jay has.He uses various names and identity to retrieve information about the pro-British’s activities. After he get â€Å"to famous† for his work in one place, he was assign to another area, joining another pro-British Colony (Rose, 1999).In addition, one of recent cases in counterintelligence was on the arrests of two Chinese, Fei Ye and Ming Zhong, who found guilty for their actions of committing economic espionage, highlights the importance to conduct counterintelligence to secure the U. S. critical resources including trade secrets. The cases occurred when they found to bring the stolen tr ade secret in their luggage in San Francisco International Airport in November 2001. According to their statement, they intend to take the trade secrets of two well-known IT companies in the U. S. -Sun Microsystems, Inc. and Transmeta Corporation- to support and profit the development of the respective industry in China (Department of Justice, 2006).Similarly, the case of 9/11 attack also highlights that the country experiences information leaks about sensitive defense material that let the tragedy happens. Other leaks of information might cause another threats to America in the future. Here is where American Counterintelligence takes a vital role. American Counterintelligence has found that leaks of information have often happened in the United States governmental and intelligence environments. It turned out; the history of Americans sold out their country goes back a very long way.

Determination of the vitamin D status of adults living in the UK and identification of factors influencing the efficacy of dietary intervention The WritePass Journal

Determination of the vitamin D status of adults living in the UK and identification of factors influencing the efficacy of dietary intervention Introduction Determination of the vitamin D status of adults living in the UK and identification of factors influencing the efficacy of dietary intervention . Women recorded a similarly high increase during the same period from 16.4 percent to 25.1 percent. Linking this data to relationship between obesity and vitamin D deficiency, it prudent to highlight that vitamin D deficiency prevalence is a point researchers should note with keenness it deserves. The extent to which vitamin D deficiency is a public health problem in Britain is believed to have increased for several reasons ranging from lifestyle to weather patterns. On lifestyle as a factor, Hypponen and Power (2007) states that the sedentary lifestyle in the western world, including Great Britain,   leads to vitamin D deficiency, which is exacerbated by a number of other factors including working indoors during daylight hours, high latitude and a mostly cloudy climate in regions such as Manchester.   Statistics also indicate that vitamin D dietary intake is much lower in Great Britain compared to other western nations including United States and Canada (Calvo et al, 2005, p.31 4). The variance in dietary intake of vitamin D between Britain, on the one hand, and United States and Canada, on the other, may be due to the mandatory fortification of both milk and margarine in the USA and Canada. Some of the most common food sources rich in vitamin are fish, liver, fortified margarine and fortified cereals. However, clinical nutritional assessments of natural food items suggest that with the exception of fish and cod liver oil, most natural food stuff contains minimal vitamin D, if any (Brough et al., 2010). Significantly, it is important to note that insufficient natural sources for vitamin D is a risk factor in itself, and should be taken into consideration when plans are put into place to tackle the problem. Moreover, vitamin D supplements’ availability cannot be described as reliable since demand always exceeds supply (Brough et al., 2010). Studies have revealed that there are high rates of vitamin D deficiency all over Great Britain, particularly in the cloudy regions like Manchester and Scotland (Pal et al., 2003). Obesity is a well-known risk factor for vitamin D deficiency, and its high prevalence in Great Britain is likely to affect vitamin D status in the population of high-risk regions such as Greater Manchester. In another nationwide study conducted to investigate the demographic characteristics of white population and possibility of supplements use, it emerged that women and non-obese participants were more likely to use vitamin D supplements (Gaddipati et al, 2010). Similarly, residents of Northern England were found to consume less oily fish, an important source of vitamin D, compared to their Southern counterparts. The study concurs with reports that people living on the Northern England and Scotland have higher risk of hypovitaminosis D (Roy et al., 2007; Holick, 2004). In fact, those who are obese and also live in high-risk regions have a likelihood of having vitamin D deficiency twice as high as other obese peopl e living in other areas of Great Britain. Vitamin D deficiency has also been reported to be prevalent among minority communities living in Great Britain (de Roos et al, 2012). Some ethnic minorities living in Great Britain are more susceptible to vitamin D deficiency than other groups. According to Brough et al. (2010), minority ethnic communities, particularly those who trace their roots to Indian subcontinent and Africa as they tend to suffer from rise in skin pigmentation. They are also found to increase their susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency by wearing clothes that tend to cover their entire bodies and staying indoors longer hours during the day (de Roos et al, 2012; Brough et al., 2010). Other researchers recognise the need to increase vitamin D supplement intake among the minority population, amid report that there are no consistent or routine supply of vitamin D; neither are there recognised screening programs targeting this group (Dealberto, 2006). A study looking at population demographics in the North West has revealed that the region has increasing number older people (North West Regional Assembly Report, 2000). As stated earlier, elderly people are at high-risk of vitamin D deficiency. Clinical studies have investigated age-related decline in vitamin D intake, including rate of skin absorption and response to targeted methods of increasing vitamin D through dietary interventions (Shaw and Pal, 2002). Several other studies have also linked low vitamin D status with people living in low economic status (Dealberto, 2006.). In many of these linkages, the authors cite issues such as poor nutrition, poor lifestyle and inability to afford supplements. For instance, poor nutrition intake is prevalent in regions with high poverty rate, mostly affecting middle aged women of child-bearing age (Brough et al., 2010). According to Brough et al. (2010) a socially deprived population cannot afford some of the basic nutrients essential for normal metabolic function such as vitamin D and thus resort to ‘shortcuts of life’ while exposing their immune system to chronic diseases. Poverty report released by the Greater Manchester Poverty Commission in 2002 identified Manchester as one of the regions with the highest cases of extreme poverty, with 25 percent of its population living in abject poverty (GMPC, 2012). The report further reveal that poor families cannot protect themselves from winter temperature, which makes them stay indoors longer than other UK residence with average annual income. This can only mean that they have higher risk from vitamin D deficiency. OECD report (2014) suggests that the first step in ensuring low income community members in the United Kingdom are protected from lifestyle related diseases is through social interventions. Tests have revealed that modest rise in vitamin D intake of up to 20  µg per day for this group can significantly reduce the rate of bone fracture (Hyppà ¶nen and Power, 2007). The findings have raised focus by agencies and researchers, who have recommended that vitamin D intake for the elderly should raised from the current 5 µg per day to between 10-20 µg per day in order to maintain the normal hydroxy vitamin D of 25 (de Roos, 2012, p.6). Considering the need to increase vitamin D intake among the population at risk of vitamin D deficiency, the UK Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy (COMA) recommended that people eat at least 280 g of fish per week, with preference to oily fish (de Roos, Sneddon and Macdonald, 2012, p.6). The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) endorsed the COMA recommendation, emphasising that this is the bare minimum fish consumption recommended for the average population goal to achieve the desired vitamin D status. However, they acknowledged that this recommendation does not represent the level of fish consumption required for optimal nutritional benefits. The campaign to encourage more UK population, particularly those living in North Western region, should be directed at increasing oily fish intake by at least 280  µg per week as statistics indicate that majority of them do not consume enough fish (de Roos, 2012; Holick, 2011; Hyppà ¶nen and Power, 2007). Although studies (de Roos, 2012; Holick, 2004) have dwelt on the need for multiple interventions ranging from dietary to medical, of more significant for the efficacy of dietary intervention is the need for education among the population on the importance of adopting healthy diet and lifestyle. This is mostly recommended for the high-risk persons including the low-income population, those living in marginally wet and cloudy regions including Manchester, obese, and young women of child bearing age group. References Brough. L., Rees, G., Crawford, M.A. Morton. R.H. and Dorman, E.K. 2010. Effect of multiple- micronutrient supplement on maternal nutrient status, infant birth weight and gestational age at birth in a low-income, multi-ethnic population. British Journal of Nutrition, 104 (3): 437- 445. Calvo, M.S., Whiting, S.J. and Barton, C.N. 2005. Vitamin D intake: a global perspective of current status. J Nutr 135: 310–6. de Roos, B. Sneddon, A. and Macdonald, H. 2012. Fish as a dietary source of healthy long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA) and vitamin D: A review of current literature. Food Health Innovation Service, available at abdn.ac.uk/rowett/documents/fish_final_june_2012.pdf. Dealberto, M.J. 2006. Why immigrants at increased risk for psychosis? Vitamin D insuffiency, epigenetic mechanisms, or both? Medical Hypothesis, Vol. 68, pp. 259- 267. Esteghamati, A., Aryan, Z. and Nakhjavani, M. 2004. Differences in vitamin D concentration between metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese adults: Association with inflammatory and cardiometabolic markers in 4391 subjects. Diabetes Metabolism, 5 May 2014, Available online at sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1262363614000469 Gaddipati, V.C., Kuriacose, R. and Copeland R., et al. 2010. Vitamin D deficiency: an increasing concern in peripheral arterial disease. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 11(5): 308-11. Greater Manchester Poverty Commission (GMPC). 2012. Research Report . The Centre for Local Economic Strategies. Holick, M.F. 2011. Vitamin D: a d-lightful solution for health. J Investig Med. 59(6):872-80. Holick MF. 2004. Sunlight and vitamin D for bone health and prevention of autoimmune diseases, cancers, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr 80 (suppl):1678S–88S. HSCIC. 2014. Statistics on Obesity, physical Activity and Diet. Health Social Care Information Centre, England 26 February 2014. Hyppà ¶nen, E. and Power, C. 2007. Hypovitaminosis D in British adults at age 45 y: nationwide cohort study of dietary and lifestyle predictors. Am J Clin Nutr, 85(3): 860-868. North West Regional Assembly, 2000. An Aging Population: Impact for the North West. North West Regional Laboratory. Lancaster University. Available at www.northest-england.org.uk. OECD Report. (2014). Society at a Glance 2014 Highlights: United Kingdom OECD Social Indicators. Last accessed on 19 May 2014 at oecd.org/unitedkingdom/OECD-SocietyAtaGlance2014-Highlights-UnitedKingdom.pdf Pal , B.R., Marshall ,T. and James, C. 2003. Shaw NJ. Distribution analysis of vitamin D highlights differences in population subgroups: preliminary observations from a pilot study in UK adults. J Endocrinol. 179:119–29. Pearce, S.H. and Cheetham, T.D. January, 2010. Diagnosis and management of Vitamin D deficiency. BMJ, 11: 340. Roy D.K, Berry J.L., Pye, SR et al. 2007. Vitamin D status and bone mass in UK South Asia women. Bone 40(1): 200-4. Epub 2006 Sep 6. Shaw, N.J and Pal, B.R. 2002. Vitamin D deficiency in UK Asian families: activating a new concern. Arch Dis Child, 86: 147-149, Available at http://adc.bmj.com/content/86/3/147.full Zittermann A, Schleithoff SS, Koerfer R. 2005. Putting cardiovascular disease and vitamin D insufficiency into perspective. Br J Nutr   94: 483–92.

Free Essays on Quiet

Quiet My hand shook violently as I fumbled with my keys. I tried to quiet the jingling, tried to unlock the door quickly without making much noise, tried to get inside before he caught up with me. I turned the knob and rushed through the door, locking it with a click behind me. My heart pounded in my ears as I shoved my back against the closed wooden door and shut my eyes. I held my breath as the footsteps echoed down the hallway. I prayed silently as they drew nearer, hoping they would walk past the door and keep going. I heard the sound of another set of shoes, and then the flick of a switchblade being released. I waited for the sound of tearing flesh but none came. Instead, the second pair of feet walked off in the other direction, the person seemingly unharmed. My fingers tightened around the straps I'd been gripping as I waited for the sound of the blade being sheathed once more. The footsteps again began to move closer to the door, slowing down steadily. I nearly gave myself away when I felt something press against my lower leg, but I stifled the scream just before it left my lips. I slowly reached down and gently stroked the soft fur with shaking hands, afraid it might betray me with an attention wanting meow. My lungs felt like fire when I finally opened my mouth and breathed in the clean fresh air of my apartment. It was still a while longer before the pounding in my ears quieted and I forced myself to move. I slowly walked away from the door, sliding my hand along the wall to find the light switch. I flicked light onto the surroundings and waited for my eyes to adjust, then slowly headed towards the couch. I plopped down onto the closest bumblebee colored cushion and closed my eyes. I reached my arm out, trying to hit the snooze, for just a few more minutes I wanted to sleep. Suddenly, shook myself into full wakefulness rapidly remembering where I was. I leaned across the couch and picked up the phone at the other end... Free Essays on Quiet Free Essays on Quiet Quiet My hand shook violently as I fumbled with my keys. I tried to quiet the jingling, tried to unlock the door quickly without making much noise, tried to get inside before he caught up with me. I turned the knob and rushed through the door, locking it with a click behind me. My heart pounded in my ears as I shoved my back against the closed wooden door and shut my eyes. I held my breath as the footsteps echoed down the hallway. I prayed silently as they drew nearer, hoping they would walk past the door and keep going. I heard the sound of another set of shoes, and then the flick of a switchblade being released. I waited for the sound of tearing flesh but none came. Instead, the second pair of feet walked off in the other direction, the person seemingly unharmed. My fingers tightened around the straps I'd been gripping as I waited for the sound of the blade being sheathed once more. The footsteps again began to move closer to the door, slowing down steadily. I nearly gave myself away when I felt something press against my lower leg, but I stifled the scream just before it left my lips. I slowly reached down and gently stroked the soft fur with shaking hands, afraid it might betray me with an attention wanting meow. My lungs felt like fire when I finally opened my mouth and breathed in the clean fresh air of my apartment. It was still a while longer before the pounding in my ears quieted and I forced myself to move. I slowly walked away from the door, sliding my hand along the wall to find the light switch. I flicked light onto the surroundings and waited for my eyes to adjust, then slowly headed towards the couch. I plopped down onto the closest bumblebee colored cushion and closed my eyes. I reached my arm out, trying to hit the snooze, for just a few more minutes I wanted to sleep. Suddenly, shook myself into full wakefulness rapidly remembering where I was. I leaned across the couch and picked up the phone at the other end...

Use Michael Porters Diamond Model of International Competitiveness to Assignment

Use Michael Porters Diamond Model of International Competitiveness to analyse the business structures and competitiveness of Brazil - Assignment Example The government has promised sufficient security system and proper infrastructure for both events. Corruption in the government hamper the economic stability in the country and in 2013 there has been nationwide protests and roadblocks because of inadequate public services and inefficiency in the political and institutional sectors. In Brazil, contracts are usually considered secure but the justice system is corrupt as it gets influenced by political and economic power. The average tariff rate in Brazil is 7.9 percent. The country is not permitted to import used clothing and cars. In many economic sectors, the foreign investment is limited by the government. However, there is a constant diversification and growth of the banking system and capital markets. There has also been a steady growth of government’s involvement in credit market with public banks accounting for 50 percent of total loans to the private sector (Brazil, 2014). This paper sets out to analyze the business struc tures and competitiveness of Brazil in the context of Michael Porter’s ‘Diamond’ Model of International Competitiveness. According to Vision 2050 which is WBCSD’s (world business council for sustainable development) project, the goal is that the world population will lead sustainable life within the resources of this planet (Vision 2050: Overview, n.d.). Based on the eagerness and abilities of the companies, Brazil strives to hold fourth position in world economy by 2050 while being able to provide good and sustainable living conditions to its population of 260 million (Vision 2050: A new agenda for business in Brazil, n.d.). Brazil’s economy is currently going through an extremely positive phase. However, its constant growth leading to social and economic developments is also having an adverse effect on the country’s environment. The rate of

Patch 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Patch 1 - Essay Example In order to impart education effectively, teachers have to adopt appropriate and efficient resources according to nature of the lesson. One of these resources is Information Communication technology which has stemmed out of technology-enhanced learning. Technology-enhanced learning depicts usage of technology in overall learning process. It is often misunderstood as E-learning, however it refers to use of technology which facilitates interaction between the instructor and student. Usage of technology allows the students to perform critical analysis by immersing themselves in learning and deduce meaningful information out of the content that is being shown to them. This technique allows students to perform self-directed questioning that facilitates two-way learning between teacher and student. Web-based learning and study guides through selected CD-ROM based lessons can be effective resources for technology enhanced learning. The rationale behind this tool is based on Kolb’s ex periential learning theory (1971) and Schank’s learning by doing (2010). These theories illustrate that experiencing the learning process, breaking down information into manageable bits and processing them is further facilitated when a student is actively engaged in them. If a student is asked to visit several websites about museums and analyze their differences accordingly, they are actually undergoing a virtual tour which enhances their meta-cognitive and problem solving skills. Furthermore, engaging student in writing a report about this tour with the help of ICT tools such as Word processing tools would help them perform more analysis and share their inputs about what they have learned. Allowing students to view content available on Web makes them perform critical analysis, find out relevant information and deduce meaning out of it. Although it is a tedious process that requires teacher’s supervision but it is more efficient in engaging students instead of simple i nstruction based lectures. In order to enhance overall language development and learning in students, it is important that they are made to think and transform their thoughts in appropriate words. For this purpose, using interactive whiteboards and videos can be effective media. Using whiteboards, drawing diagrams and flowcharts helps students to think through teacher’s instructions and correspond to them accordingly. Therefore, information is being received, processed and illustrated in the form of questions and feedback by students. Furthermore, using videos and audios help students to use experiential learning strategies and perform mind mapping which not only gives meanings to words but also make them more memorable by attaching images to them. Learning appropriate dialect can be facilitated by allowing students to imitate teacher’s words and figure out meaning from them. Usually teachers in communication classes use audio aids which help students understand approp riateness of different communication styles and vocabulary usage. According to Genishi (1988), children learn better

Questions for the Project ( B2B project) and Analysis the company of Essay

Questions for the Project ( B2B project) and Analysis the company of luminultra Company in the upstream oil and gas - Essay Example The upstream segment involves the extraction of gas and oil as well as the shipping of those raw materials to be processed. To gain traction in the industry, LuminUltra ensures that the early adopters remain a small number of consumers, nowhere near the quantity required for mass adoption. Similarly, these buyers must be youthful, high-income personnel who already can afford the services. It is expected that the early adoption be centered in locations that are primarily effective in terms of infrastructure. On the other hand, the innovators tend to be extremely sensitive to matters concerning the environment, price sensitive, and there are chances that they are accommodated specifically according to their capability and effort. Ultimately, mass adoption is often motivated by the expansion of competitive offerings. Consumers coming on board are referred to as early majority and includes those consumers whose probability to buy the services after the early adopter consumers are high. . .. It is logical to argue that the complexity of the marketing messages makes it very broad to handle at some points in its operations. In the mainstream customer support, the target consumers consist of several realists. When the company starts to develop its communication efforts, it should centralize the fact that realists are skeptical and care less about the oil and gas products or the technologies related to them. Instead, such realists concern themselves with the company and the markets. Its message should position the rest of the products in relation to the specific business issues that realists consider precedence in their market segment (Lemstra, Hayes, Stanley, Heijl, & Tuch, 2011) Apart from changing the audience and the message itself, the company should bear in mind that the realists seek diverse types o evidence using the media very dissimilar from that of the markets earlier. Since realists are market-oriented, they are directed by market validation as opposed to technol ogy validation, seeking the most cost-effective manner in which to address their business-related problems. Disregarding this fact will possibly prevent the company from crossing the chasm to the mass market. Most information is obtained basically from esteemed industry sources like publications and industry analysts. Successfully, the company has to develop beyond mainstream customer support. At this point, the marketing messaging effort must become much sophisticated than before. In this sense therefore, they will necessitate increased involvement from specialists such as PR firms, advertising agencies and designers. Lastly, the company’s message must make its way

Loyalty and Rome Essay Example for Free

Loyalty and Rome Essay The Roman Empire lasted so long due to various things. These include the establishment of a hierarchical government that enabled a system of checks and balances, the implementation of laws and taxes, a strong army, creation of institutions, and many different privileges and incentives for not only the people of Rome, but also those who were conquered and wished to become Roman. Amongst these things, there was an underlying commonality: loyalty. With loyalty came many personal relationships. A loyal government, a loyal army, and loyal people equates to a great empire. When that loyalty disappears, the effects can be disasterousl. Julius Caesar one of Rome’s most notable emperors depended heavily on loyalty and personal relationships. Within Caesars War Commentaries Julius Caesar describes how his personal relationships with people within and outside played a major role within the empire and influenced many of his decisions. From â€Å"Caesar’s War Commentaries† it is clear to see that he was a very practical emperor and planned his every move carefully with a great deal of consultation. To quickly summarize, in this particular excerpt, Caesar needs to feed the army in time, but food is being held away and people within and outside the empire are resisting to aid as they would usually do. He calls a meeting and to his surprise it is revealed that someone close to him and the government has been opposing him. Being the kind of Emperor Caesar is, he made the wise decision to privately question Liscus about what he had just informed him. Liscus of course is someone close to him and that he trusts. He discovers it is Dumnorix, brother of Divitiacus. Caesar wrote about his relationship with Divitiaus. He wrote â€Å"I had come to realize the very high regard which his brother Divitiacus entertained for Rome and his personal devotion to me. He was a man of unswerving loyalty.† Caesar worried that â€Å"there was a possibility that the execution of his brother might alienate his goodwill.† Being that they were close, Caesar goes to him personally and gives him options to choose from concerning the actions to take against his brother. Divitiacus, when expressing his apologies asked for nothing to happen to him. Because of Caesar’s â€Å"high regard for him his prayer should be granted and the insult to Rome as well as my personal grievance forgiven.† If it were not for the personal relationship that Caesar with Divitiacus, and the loyalty that Divitiacus had for Rome and Caesar, surely the situation would have played out differently. Other situations to point out within this excerpt, is that with Domnorix trying to rise to power, the people who were loyal to Caesar and trusted him, were now going against him. Not only was loyalty lost, but also respect and a sense of power for the Romans. Caesar’s excerpt can be used as an example as to what can happen, when these relationships are tarnished. This is why the Romans, while conquering and expanded made sure to secure loyalty. The loyalty was secured in many different ways, which included the system of checks and balances, institutions within the Roman and non-Roman cities, and privileges for its people. To conclude, Rome as an Empire valued the loyalty and the personal relations acquired. Julius Caesar one of Rome’s notable emperors used this as he ruled and this is seen in â€Å"Caesar’s War Commentaries.†

Is Modern Britain An Unequal Society?

Is Modern Britain An Unequal Society? Britain is often described as an unequal society however the accuracy of this statement is regularly debated because; the term inequality is very vague as individuals often have opposing views when searching for the meaning. Due to the ambiguity of the word unequal I am going to be approaching the question is contemporary Britain an unequal society from a sociological perspective in order to best describe and explain social inequalities in Britain. The term social inequality from a sociological point of view means a lack of fairness between different groups of people living in society. Through this definition we are able to identify three main categories, in which social inequalities are divided, this occurs through gender, class and race which will be highlighted throughout my essay. The main focus of my essay would be based on the Marxist and Feminist views as they set the foundations to best describe and explain social inequalities. However, there are other sociologists whom also study this topic; therefore I will be examining their views very briefly. Another form of social inequality that occurs in Britain is class inequalities; it is difficult to define this because in contemporary society class is fragmented. However, in order to fully understand class inequalities the concept must be operationalised. There are various sociologists such as Carl Marx who define class inequalities as a group of people who stand in a common relationship to the means of production. Although class is often perceived as a dynamic, fluid, always changing, in Britain there is still a clear class structure in which class is divided. This class structure is often compared to a pyramid which consists of three levels; these are the upper class, middle class and working class, this arrangement is known as social stratification, whereby each level of the formation has distinguishing features in terms of skills, status and income. The upper class consist of a small proportion of members of Britains population; these groups of people tend to have ascribed stat us such as the royal family. However members of the upper class with achieved social status are professionals with high status jobs such as property owners and employers. The middle class are employed in profession, managerial and administrative jobs for example lawyers, these groups of people are often described to have an intermediate class situation. The working class consists of the highest proportions of people in Britains population, the working class members are found at the bottom of the hierarchy, they have the low status jobs which include a complex division of labour. People from the working class groups tend to consist of unskilled workers who participate in manual labour. Although there are the three main layers in Britains class structure is divided the idea of the underclass also needed to be highlighted. This concept is developed by Charles Murray and is often used to describe a segment of the population located at the very bottom of the class structure in which they are marginalised from the rest society. Members of the underclass have very low living standard, they are thought to be relatively deprived therefore explaining why they have the highest rates of infant mortality. The majority of members in the underclass are unemployed and relay on the welfare state, as a result of this dependency the idea of the nanny state was developed. In correspondence to the idea of the nanny state these recent trends show that the top 10% earners get 27.3% of all earning whilst bottom 10% get 2.6%. This trend highlights that there is an unequal distribution of wealth as income is an important mechanism which measures a persons wealth, this therefore shows that social inequalities takes place in contemporary Britain. Marxist sociologist uses these figures to then develop their idea further. They argue that Britain is a capitalist society, whereby the bourgeoisies exploit the working class in order to benefit themselves. The process of industrialisation cause d capitalism to develop further because Britain has moved from a manual intensive form labour to a more capital intensive labour as a result of this development British is often refer to this as industrial capitalism. There is also a clear relationship between class inequalities and education. For example the educational system in Britain has been changed on several occasions in order to prevent inequalities between different social groups i.e. the increase in government expenditure in education allows people from deprived backgrounds to complete higher education for free therefore creating more employment opportunities for them. However, despite these changes class inequalities still exists in the educational system, for example the curriculum is said to have hidden engenders in which favours the ruling class. The reason for this is because the curriculum is made by the upper class therefore favouring upper class pupils for example English exams requires pupils using the elaborated code which is a form of speech which the upper class use therefore giving them a competitive advantage as the working class use the restricted code, this view is also reinforce by sociologist Bernstein. Another common feature of the working class background is material deprivation; as a result of this they are at a drawback in comparison to upper class pupils as they are unable to purchase resources such as extra text books to further increase their knowledge. There are also other areas such as housing and health that put the ruling class at an academic advantage. Another area in which social inequalities arises is through racial segregation. Race was traditionally referred to as fixed biological differences; however over the years this definition has been criticised. As a result of this contemporary sociologist defined race as a social construct based on the observed physical and cultural characteristics of an individual. Race is a term closely linked to ethnicity as ethnic groups are defined by their sense of sharing distinct culture. Ethnic minorities are also said to experiences inequalities, however due to the difficulty in separating the two terms I will be explain how racial and ethnic inequalities should be best described ant see if it still exists in contemporary Britain. There is a general idea that there is a racial division between black and white in Britain, it is argued that ethnic minorities have a minority status in society and are often perceived as second class citizens. However, in certain areas of Britain this type of socia l inequalities has been prevented because of legislations such as equal opportunities acts which protect ethnic minorities from being discriminated against giving them the same opportunities as the dominating groups. Despite the implementation of this legislation, covert racism still takes place. The concept that corresponds with this is institutional racism, where racionalised ethnic groups are systematically disadvantaged, it was recently highlighted in the media (BBC news) that institutional racism still occurs in contemporary Britain within the police workforce, the Macpherson report on the Stephan Lawrence case also show institutional racism taking place. The amount of ethnic minorities that have an established status in the political party is disproportionately imbalanced in comparison to the majority therefore suggesting that overt race/ethnic inequalities occur in British society. Although social inequalities still exist in contemporary Britain other parts of the world such as America are slowly developing, this was shown when the current president Barack Obama was elected. In Britain there is a negative racial stigma attached to African Caribbean families, one of the main reasons is because they have the highest proportion of single parent families. New right sociologist Charles Murray holds a strong view which states that single parent families are the main causes of deviant behaviour and the breakdown of society. On the other hand some sociologist argue due to the rapid technological growth in Britain the media has exaurate crimes that take place within the African- Caribbean community therefore leading to deviancy amplification as a result of this therefore policing within those area have been on the increase meaning they are more prone to getting caught for their crimes in comparison other ethnic groups. It is evidently clear that social inequality still exists in contemporary Britain; however different sociological perspectives explain social inequalities many ways and opposing views on its impact on society. For example functionalist have a positive view on social inequalities, they see it as an enviable part of society, this is because there are different social positions in society which require particular skills therefore, through theses inequalities the correct role allocation are set therefore benefiting society in the long run. Whereas, both Marxist and feminist theories have a more negative approach on social inequities and the effect it has on society. They believe that it has lead to an increase in exploitation of members in society therefore leading to social breakdowns. On the other hand post- modernist take a very different approach as they have a more contemporary view as they believe that the British society is changing as a result of this it is incorrect to say that social inequalities means one thing or social inequalities still exists because it is a complex phenomenon. Therefore in order to fully understand social inequalities we must take the three categories in which social inequalities has been divided into and identify the correlations which they have with one another because social inequalities means different to different people.

media avoidance Essay -- essays research papers

In my everyday life I use all sorts of media, they range from cable television, Internet, radio, and the newspaper. For myself media, is the form and technology I use to receive and communicate information. The different forms of media I was trying to avoid were cable television, the internet and radio. I figured if I could avoid those things I would be doing well in avoiding most obvious forms of mass media. What I realized as I began this whole experience this whole experience is that the mass media is an important if not the most important part of my everyday life. I use it for almost everything I do and it surrounds me. On my first day of avoiding the media, which was on a Saturday, my plan going into was not check my e-mail, not watch television and not listen to the radio. This was not as easy as I thought, that morning when I woke up my first instinct was to check my e-mail. After I couldn’t do that I felt all this anxiety that I was missing out on something. But I went without, and was able to get to work without reading the newspaper or listening to the radio. It was easy for me to avoid media at work because I work at Enterprise Rent-A-Car and all I do there is check people into cars and drive around the city all day. If I don’t turn on the radio when I’m driving cars then I pretty much avoid most media. The only problem I had at work is when I would be talking to some customers and they would be talking about things they heard in the news, sports etc†¦ and I could...

General Banking Perspectives: Dhaka Bank Ltd

1. Introduction Commercial Bank implies that banks devote most of their resources to meeting the financial needs of business firms. This institution offers the public both deposit and credit services as well as a growing list of newer and more innovating services, such as investment advice, security underwriting, and financial planning. In recent years financial institutions have diversified themselves to satisfy consumers and units of government around the world.The result is the emergence of a financial institution that has been called a financial department store because it satisfies the broadest range of financial services needs in the global economy. The importance to commercial banks may be measured in a number of ways. Banks are still the principal means of making payments, through the checking accounts, credit cards, and electronic funds transfer services they offer. Banks are important because of their ability to create money from excess reserves made available from the publ ic's deposits.The banking system can take a given volume of excess cash reserves and, by making loans and investment, generate a multiple amount of credit. Bangladesh is developing country. After liberalization, we achieve a poor economic growth in last three decades. This is because of number of micro and macro factors as density of people. Bangladesh is a place where we see lack of proper education and poor political stability. Political instability is the major factor in Bangladesh that makes a vital hazard to achieve the economic growth.All of above, banking industry brings a little bit hope that can be a better flavor to accelerate the economic growth in our country. This is the only sector (especially private banking) that getting a continuous develops from last two decades. One of the aims of this study involves the focus on ‘The General Banking Practice of Dhaka Bank Ltd, Halishahar Branch’. Another aim of this paper is to point out how management of the bank ca n perform better and provide better service to the clients. 2. Methodology Different data and information are required to meet the goal of this report.Those data and information were collected from various sources, such as, primary and secondary which is showed below: Primary data were collected from: ? Face to face conversations with the employees at various fields. ? Personal interviewing and interacting customers. ? Observing various organizational procedures. ? Customer’s response from questions. Secondary data were collected from: ? Internet and Annual report of Dhaka Bank Limited. ? Progress report/ Statement affairs and Bank Rate sheet of the Bank. ? Several kinds of Academic test-book and training sheet. Different publications regarding banking functions and foreign-exchange operation. ? Prior research report on this Bank. 3. Scope The scope of the research covers the General Banking practices of Dhaka Bank Limited. The report focuses on the general banking practices in general, how it is implemented in Dhaka Bank Limited. 4. Limitation of the study The present study was not out of limitations. From the beginning to end, the study has been completed sincerely and carefully. But some problem arises from conducting the study.During the study it was not possible to visit the whole area covered by the banks although the financial statements and other information regarding the study have been covered. Some limitation are given stated below- 1. The main constraint of the study is insufficiency of information, which was required for the study. There are various information that the bank employee can't provide due to security and other corporate obligations. 2. Due to time limitations many of the aspects could not be discussed in the present report. 3.Every organization has their own secrecy that is not revealed to others. While collecting data through interviewing the employees, they did not disclose much information for the sake of the confidentiality of the organization. 5. Background of Dhaka Bank: Dhaka Bank Limited is one of the premier and top ranked private banks in Bangladesh. The bank was established in the year 1995 as some veteran and well established businessmen grouped together and worked sincerely to establish this bank. The bank was incorporated as a public limited company under the companies act 1994.The founder of the bank was Mr. Mirza Abbas Uddin Ahmed who was also the former advisor of the bank. The Head Office of the bank is located at Biman Bhaban 1st floor, 100 Motijheel C/A, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. The bank started its very first journey on July 5th 1995 with an authorized capital of Tk. 1000 million and a paid up capital of Tk. 100 million. Since the inception of the bank the bank made phenomenal growth in terms of operation, business and goodwill. As of March 31st 2010 the bank’s paid up capital stood at Tk. ,659,597,800 and the total equity (capital and reserves) stood up at Tk. 6,036,368,754. Th e bank currently has 62 fully operational branches all over the country, 3 SME Service Centers, 6 CMS Units, 2 Offshore Units, and one CPZ (central processing office) which is situated in BGMEA building Karwan Bazar , Dhaka Bangladesh As an integral part of their commitment to Excellence in Banking, Dhaka Bank now offers the full range of real-time online banking service through its all branches, ATMs and Internet Banking Channels.Dhaka Bank Ltd is the preferred choice in banking for friendly and personalized services, cutting edge technology, tailored solutions for business need, global reach in trade and commerce and high yield on investments. 5. 1. The Mission of Dhaka Bank Limited- To be the premier financial institution in the country providing high quality products and services backed by latest technology and a highly motivated team of personnel to deliver Excellence In Banking. 5. 2. The Vision of Dhaka Bank Limited- At Dhaka Bank, we draw our inspiration from the distant sta rs.Our team is committed to assure a standard that makes every banking transaction a pleasurable experience. Our endeavour is to offer you razor sharp sparkle through accuracy , reliability , timely delivery , cutting edge technology and tailored solution for business needs, global reach in trade and commerce and high yield on your investment . 5. 3 The Goal of Dhaka Bank Limited- Our people, products and processes are aligned to meet the demand of our discerning customers. Our goal is to achieve a distinction like the luminaries in the sky.Our Dhaka Objective is to deliver a quality that demonstrates a true reflection of our vision – Excellence in Banking. 6 General Banking General banking creates a vital link between customers and bank. It’s really a classic as crucial department for the bank. It is the introductory department of the bank to its customers. The Dhaka Bank Ltd, Halishahar branch has all the required sections of general banking. Every day it receives de posits from customers and meets their demands for cash by honoring instruments. General banking department is that department which is mostly exposed to the maximum number of bank customer. . 1 Different Departments of General Banking It has five major parts in the branch to perform. The sections are: i. Account opening section ii. Cheque clearing iii. Cash iv. Remittance v. Accounts section 6. 2 Different Types of Customers/ Account Holder: Any one can open an account in Dhaka Bank Ltd. if he is capable of entering a valid contract and a banker is satisfied his confide and willing to inter into the necessary business relation with him. So any one of the following types of customers can open account:- i. Individual ( personal ) ii. Joint iii. Proprietorship ( sole traders / registered or unregistered ) v. Joint stock companies ( private/ public ltd. companies) 6. 3 Account Opening and Dispatch Department: Account opening is the gateway to the bank. The relationship between a banker and its customer begins with the opening of an account by the customer. For this, account opening is considered the most important function of a commercial bank. All banks generally maintain a separate department to open accounts. The function of accounts opening department can be classified into the following three categories: 1. Supplying various accounts related information to the customers. 2. Opening of account and . Issuing cheque books and ATM Card. Supplying various accounts related information to the customers: When a customer comes to open an account with a bank, s/he needs to be informed about various information relating to account opening. Account opening department enthusiastically provides necessary information to the customer. Following information is supplied to the customer depending on their requirements: †¢ Type of accounts maintained by the bank †¢ Requirements/Necessary formalities for opening each type of accounts †¢ Eligibility to open an accou nt etc. Types of accounts maintained by DBLAccounts based on operations as under: †¢ Current Account (CD A/C) †¢ Short Term Deposit Account (STD A/C) †¢ Savings Bank Account (SB A/C) †¢ Fixed Deposit Receipt Account (FDR A/C) Accounts based on Nature of Customers as under: †¢ Single/Individual Account †¢ Joint individual Account †¢ Sole Trader/ Proprietorship Account †¢ Partnership Account †¢ Company Account etc. Savings accounts are opened for single/individual and joint individual customer. Business organizations/enterprises are not allowed to open savings account. 6. 4 Requirements/Necessary formalities for opening each type of accounts: ? Single/Individual Savings Bank Accounts: Introduction of customer (Must be either by an account holder (SB/CD A/C) or an employee of the bank. †¢ Photographs-Two copies (attested by the Introducer) †¢ Photocopy of valid passport/Citizenship Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Cer tificate from the employee of the bank. Add: †¢ Transaction Profile †¢ Signature on Money laundering Circular ? Joint Individual Account: No additional requirements/formalities other than the Single/Individual Savings Bank Accounts. ? Single Individual/Joint Individual CD A/C Requirements/Formalities as like as SB A/C, except here introducer must be a CD A/C holder of the bank. Proprietorship CD A/C †¢ Introduction of the customer (Must be by a CD A/C account holder or an employee of the bank. †¢ Photographs- (Two Copies) of the proprietor. †¢ Valid Trade License. †¢ Company Seal. †¢ Photocopy of valid passport of the proprietor/Citizenship/ Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Certificate from the employee of the bank. Add: †¢ Transaction Profile †¢ Signature on Money laundering Circular †¢ Signature on KYC form ? Partnership CD A/C †¢ Introduction of the partners (Must be by a CD A/C account holder or an employee of the bank. Photographs- (Two Copies) of every partner. †¢ Valid Trade License. †¢ Seal. †¢ Date of incorporation. †¢ Photocopy of valid passport of the proprietor/Citizenship Certificate or Identity Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Certificate from the employee of the bank. †¢ Partnership Letter. Add: †¢ Transaction Profile †¢ Each partner’s Signature on Money laundering Circular †¢ Each partner’s Signature on KYC form ? Limited Company A/C †¢ Introduction (Must be by a CD A/C account holder or an employee of the bank †¢ Photographs- (Two Copies) †¢ Valid Trade License Company Seal †¢ Resolution of the Company on company’s letterhead †¢ Certified and attested copy (attested by MD or Chairman) of Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association †¢ Certified and attested copy of Certificate of incorporation †¢ List of Directors †¢ Photocopy of valid passport/Citizensh ip Certificate or Identity Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Certificate from the employee of the bank. Add: †¢ Annexure E: Identification of Directors and Authorized Signatories †¢ Annexure D: Director’s Signature on KYC form †¢ Transaction Profile 6. Eligibility to open an account: Anyone capable of entering into a valid contract can open an account with the bank. A minor can also open an account under guardianship or alone if s/he is at least 12 years old. But a minor is not allowed to open a current account. Lunatic, Insolvent person/Drunker/Liquidator/Any other individual or organization by law cannot open an account with bank. 6. 6 Accounts Opening of Customers with the Bank Opening of an account involves certain formalities, which varies according to different types of accounts as well as various categories of customers.The bank supplies following printed forms during opening an account of a customer: o Account opening Form o Specimen Signat ure Card o Deposit Slip o Cheque Book Requisition Slip o KYC Profile Form o Transaction Profile Form Customers are requested to read all the instructions carefully and then fill up the forms properly. Account opening officer must have to check all the forms or documents i. e. whether the customer duly signs them where necessary as well as introducer must introduce the customer by putting signature in the space provided on the account opening form.After completion of all the formalities by the customer, Dhaka bank officials have to perform the following functions chronologically: |Scrutinizing account opening form and Specimen signature card | |Getting the approval of accounts by authorized officer | |Putting account number on the form | |Putting entry in the account opening register | |Posting all the account information in the computer | Issuing a cheque book | |Maintaining all relevant papers/documents in separate file in the name of the | |every account holder | |Sending the sp ecimen signature card to the cash department | |Sending a thanks giving letter to the New account opener’s address | |Maintaining all relevant papers/documents in separate file in the name of the every | |account holder | 6. 7 Issuing of a Cheque BookA cheque book is issued to the customer at the time of the account opening or may by issued after 2-3 days from account opening. And additional cheque book is issued at the request of the customer according to his/her necessity. Followings are the formalities during issuing a cheque book: Getting the cheque book requisition slip signed by the account holder By verifying the signature, issuing the cheque book Writing down the account number on each leaf of the cheque book Making entry to the cheque issue register Supplying the cheque book to the account holder after getting proper acknowledgement from the account holderInland Remittance Department Remittance Department: This department deals with transfer of money from one place to another place. Remittance can be classified as inland remittance and foreign remittance; however, remittance department mainly deals with inland remittance rather than foreign remittance. Instruments used for inland remittance as under: o Pay Order (P. O) o Demand Draft (DD) o Telegraphic Transfer (TT) Pay Order: A Pay Order is a written order on a specific instrument i. e. generally called â€Å"Block† issued by a bank to pay a certain sum of money to specific person, Organization or a bank.It is called banker’s cheque, as it is issued by a bank as well as drawn upon on a bank. Issuance of Pay Order: issuance of pay order involves following steps: ? Upon requests of customer, bank supplies prescribed application form ? Applicant has to provide detailed particulars of him/herself as well as beneficiary or receiver of the Pay Order ? Total amount of the P. O must be written both in words and in figures in the space provided ? Credit vouchers are prepared; one for com mission and another for VAT ? Now customer is requested to deposit the P.O amount along with VAT and Commission charges to the cash department ? Cash department releases the application form with authorized signature and cash received seal ? Now Pay Order is written on block which has three parts: First part is retained by the issuing bank, Second part is for customer and Third part is for the beneficiary of the Pay Order ? In this stage all the information is entered into the P. O register Payment or Encashment of Pay Order: Issuing bank makes payment of Pay Order upon presentation through clearing house. When the P.O does not consist of discrepancies, necessarily the proceeds of Pay Order is credited to the account of payee/beneficiary. However, before making payment of P. O, the signature of issuing officer is verified and date of payment is recorded in the Pay Order issue register. Demand Draft A Demand Draft, which is traditionally called DD. A DD is a written order on a specif ic instrument of one branch of a bank upon another branch of the same bank to pay a certain sum of money to or to the order of a specified person or of a specified organization. In practice DD is not issued between two branches within the same city.Issuance of Demand Draft: Issuance of DD involves following steps: ? Customer is asked to fill up a form in specific form provided by bank which is also treated as a voucher ? Commission and Charges are also mentioned in the form ? Two credit vouchers; one for commission and another for VAT is stapled with the form ? Customer pays cash in the cash department with relevant vouchers ? Cash dept. receives cash and delivers vouchers after completing necessary formalities ? Now DD is prepared in a block Branch-wise serial number is given on the draft ? The draft number is written on the voucher ? Draft block and voucher along with the register are sent to the officer in charge for checking and then sent to manager/Second in charge of the branc h for authorization ? The draft may be crossed if customer desires and finally delivered to him/her against initial or acknowledgement on the voucher Payment of Demand Draft: After receiving the DD, the drawer branch checks the date, amount both in words and figures and signature. In case of Test DD, Test number must be reconciled before payment.And then DD is cancelled and payment date is noted in the register. If the DD is crossed, the payment is made through clearing house. Telegraphic Transfer In case of Telegraphic Transfer, which in brief is called TT, an applicant has to fill up prescribed form supplied by bank to inform all the particulars about the sender as well as the receiver/beneficiary of the TT. Besides, following points should be checked in this regard: ? Full name of the beneficiary and his account number if the instruction here is â€Å"credit to beneficiary’s account†, or full address if instruction is there to advise & pay ?Commission and Telegram c harge are recovered from customer ? A cost memo has to prepare for customer in this regard; containing the amount of TT, commission and Telegram charges ? Customer has to deposit cash in the cash department along with voucher and application ? Remittance depart finally checks all the particulars viz. name of the beneficiary, account number of the beneficiary, name of the bank, name of the branch and mode of payment etc. ? Each and every TT must be Tested whatever the amount of TT ?Authorized officer then send the TT message through Telex/Telephone ? The issuing branch also sends a TT confirmation advice to the drawer branch and one copy is retained by the branch Payment of Telegraphic Transfer (TT): The payment of TT is paid only when TT test numbers reconcile. TT receiving branch maintains TT message receiving memo. On agreement of Test, the serial number of TT is entered in the TT payable register. The issuing branch informs if any number is mismatched or omitted. Two vouchers are prepared in this regard as under:DBL General A/C†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦****** Branch———-Dr. Bills Payable A/C†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (TT payable)————-Cr. The TT amount is then credited to the beneficiary’s account if the beneficiary/receiver of the TT is an account holder of the branch; otherwise a Pay Order is issued if the beneficiary/receiver of TT is an account holder of another bank. 6. 8 Clearing Section: According to the Article 37(2) of Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972, the banks, which are the member of the clearinghouse, are called as Scheduled Banks. The scheduled banks clear the cheque drawn upon one another through the clearinghouse.This is an arrangement by the central bank where everyday the representative of the member banks gathers to clear the cheque. Banks for credit of the proceeds to the customers’ accounts accept Cheque and other similar instruments. The bank receives many such instruments during the day from ac count holders. Many of these instruments are drawn payable at other banks. If they were to be presented at the drawer banks to collect the proceeds, it would be necessary to employ many messengers for the purpose. Similarly, there would be many cheque drawn on this the messengers of other banks would present bank and them at the counter.The whole process of collection and payment would involve considerable labor, delay, risk and expenditure. All the labor, Risk, delay and expenditure are substantially reduced, by the representatives of all the banks meeting at a specified time, for exchanging the instruments and arriving at the net position regarding receipt or payment. The place where the banks meet and settle their dues is called the Clearinghouse. Activities of the Section: (a) Preparation of Clearing Outward and Inward Lodgment and record maintenance of the same. (b) Batch posting as and when required. On receipt of instruments, the same is endorsed here.Then clearing section wi ll sent IBDA to head Office for clearing purpose and on receipt of IBCA from Head Office amount is credited to customers account and vice versa. If the instrument is return then the same is given back to the customer. 6. 9 Collection Section: Checks, drafts etc. are drown on bank located outside clearing house are sent for collection. Motijheel Branch collects its client’s above-mentioned instruments from other branches of DBL and branches other than DBL. In case of out ward bills for collection customers account is credited after finishing the collection processor.And in case of in ward bills customers account is debited for this purpose. So it places dual role as follows: i) Collecting Banker ii) Paying Banker. Activities of the Section: Collection is done when (i) Paying Bank is located out side Dhaka City. (ii) Paying Bank is other branches of DBL situated inside Dhaka City. i) Paying Bank is outside Dhaka City: Collection department of Motijheel Branch (Principal Branch) , DBL sends outward bills for collection (OBC) to the concerned paying bank to get inter Bank Credit Advice (IBCA) from paying Bank.If the paying bank dishonors the instrument, the same is returned to principal Branch. ii) The Paying Bank of their own branches inside Dhaka City: Collection Department sends transfer delivery item to other branches of same bank situated inside Dhaka City. Upon receiving IBCA customer’s a/c is credited. Procedures for Outward Bills for Collection: 6. 10 Accounts Section: In banking business transactions are done every day and these transactions are to be recorded properly and systematically as the banks deal with the depositors’ money.Any deviation in proper recording may hamper public confidence and the bank has to suffer a lot. Improper recording of transactions will lead to the mismatch in the debit side and credit side. To avoid these mishaps, the bank provides a separate department whose function is to check the mistakes in passing v ouchers or wrong entries or fraud or forgery. This department is called Accounts Department. Besides these, the branch has to prepare some internal statements as well as some statutory statements, which are to be submitted to the Central Bank and the Head Office.This department prepares all these statements. Functions of Accounting Department: We can divide the functions of accounting department into two categories. One is day-to-day task and another is periodical task. a. Day to day functions: Here day-to-day function refers to the every day tasks. Accounting department of DBL performs the following day to day functions: b. Periodical functions: Periodical functions of accounts department include the preparation of different weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly and annual statement.The accounts department prepares the following statements: etc. 6. 11 Cash Section: Cash section is a very sensitive organ of the branch and handle with extra care. Operation of this section begins at the start of the banking hour. Cash officer begins his/her transaction with taking money from the vault, known as the opening cash balance. Vault is kept in a much secured room. Keys to the room are kept under control of cash officer and branch in charge. The amount of opening cash balance is entered into a register.After whole days’ transaction, the surplus money remain in the cash counter is put back in the vault and known as the closing balance. Money is received and paid in this section. 6. 11. 1 Cash Receipt: 6. 11. 2. Cash Payment: 6. 12 Conclusion: Bank is the largest organization of mobilizing surplus domestic savings. Attractive Savings Schemes are offered by DBL such as Contributory Savings Scheme, Monthly Benefit Deposit Scheme, Special Deposit Scheme, Education Savings Scheme, Fixed Deposit Scheme, Dhaka Bank Money Scheme, Dhaka Bank Insured Fixed Deposit Scheme as well as different accounts to save money.Schemes are designed concentrating in different purposes t o help the fixed income group people to help in need. Bank-Officials are also whole-hearted and dedicated to serve their customer with utmost care. 7. Online Branch Banking The Bank has set up a Wide Area Network (WAN) across the country to provide online branch banking facility to its valued clients. Under the Scheme,  clients of any branch shall be able to do banking transaction at other branches of the bank. Under this system a client will to be able to o following type of transactions # Cash withdrawal from his/her account at  any  branch  of the Bank irrespective of location. # Cash deposit in his/her account at any branch of the Bank irrespective of location. # Cash deposit in other's account at any branch of the Bank irrespective of location. # Transfer of money from his/her account with any branch of the Bank. Any amount can be deposited or transferred under Dhaka Line.In the system, however, at present there is a limit for cash withdrawal through bearer or by accou nt holder himself. Terms & Conditions of Online Branch Banking Service ONLINE BRANCH BANKING SERVICE is designed to serve its valued clients. Under this system, you shall be able to do the following type of transactions:    †¢ Cash withdrawal from your account at any   branch of the Bank †¢ Deposit in your account at any Branch of the Bank. †¢ Transfer of money from your account to any other account with any Branch of the Bank Transaction Limit Maximum ceiling of cash withdrawal by self is Tk. 10,00,000/- (ten lac) only per transaction †¢ Maximum ceiling of cash withdrawal by third party (bearer) per transaction is below Tk†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Only (please mention the limit you wand to place). †¢ Cash deposit/transfer  by online transaction is unlimited Online Transaction Membership Fee Membership fee is  Tk. 50/- per month for the Online Branch Banking Service. Charges for Online Transaction †¢ There will be no charge for transac tion within the city where the account is domiciled †¢ Fee Tk. 7/- will be realized from the customer’s account for each remote transaction (inter-city)  for amount up to Tk. 1, 00,000 (one lac). †¢ Fee at the rate of   0. 075% will be realized from the customer’s account for each remote transaction of amount more than Tk. 1,00,000 (one lac). Who can get this service The Clients who has account in Dhaka bank or who will open account in Dhaka bank and would be interested to maintain substantial deposits in Savings, Current or STD accounts, will be eligible to get Dhaka Line Service.How one can get this service Intending and eligible clients have to apply in prescribed application form to their branch (where account is maintained) to get the online service from the bank. The client should submit two copies photographs and signature cards alongwith the application form. To avail the Dhaka Line service, no charge should be paid for online transaction within a locality where the account is domiciled. But charges should be paid by the customer for inter city online transaction When a account will be activated for onlineWithin 15 days from the date of submission application a account will be activated for online service Dhaka Bank Limited obtained Principal Membership of Master-Card International in the month of May 1999. Within a period of 6 months, the bank successfully launched Master Card-Credit Card which created a new dimension in its customer service and consumer financing. The Special feature of the Dhaka Bank Master Card is that its bears the card holder’s photo on the card, which is the first of its kind in Bangladesh and adds security against misuse.Dhaka Bank Limited issues 4 types of cards. These are Gold Local & International and Silver Local & International. Local cards can be used in Bangladesh only. 7. 1 Followings are the main feature of MasterCard Credit – †¢ Dhaka Bank Ensure High Level of Security  by inserting your Photograph on the Card. †¢ 20 to 50 days credit form the date of transaction. When you receive your monthly statement, you can either choose to pay in full or just minimum due amount shown on the statement. No interest is charged if you pay in full within payment due date. 24 hours a day, 365 days worldwide service. †¢ No joining/administrative fees. †¢ waiver of annual fees for International Card: If you accumulate 20,000 Dhaka Bank Bonus Point for your Gold Card or, 10,000 Bonus Point for your Silver Card in a year then you enjoy our Card without fees( $ 1 purchase: 1 Bonus). †¢ Waiver of annual fee for Local Card:   If you accumulate 10,000 Dhaka Bank Bonus Point for your Gold Card or 8,000 Bonus Point for your Silver Card in a year then you enjoy our Card without fees( Tk. 50/- purchase : 1 Bonus point). The Highest Dhaka Bank Bonus Point holder can enjoy free air ticket Dhaka-Bangkok-Dhaka. (Business Class). †¢ Cash advance faciliti es. †¢ 1,39,00,000 locations accept MasterCard worldwide Facilities Available with the Card : The Card can be used for: 01. Making payments to Merchants against purchase of all goods and services by the Cardholder form Marchant(s); and 02. Availing Cash Advances: ? 2. 1 From any of DBL Branches or any member of MasterCard of any Merchant authorized to make Cash Advances; as may be agreed upon by DBL or ?By the use of the Card on any ATM of DBL or of MasterCard. Subject to these terms and conditions and in compliance with such requirements, limitations and procedures as may be imposed by DBL, any Merchant or MasterCard from time to time. 7. 2 SWIFT Dhaka Bank Limited is one of the first few Bangladeshi Banks who have become member of SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Inter-bank Financial Telecommunication) in 1999. SWIFT is members owned co-operative, which provides a fast and accurate communication network for financial transactions such as Letters of Credit, Fund transfer etc.By be coming a member of SWIFT, the bank has opened up possibilities for uninterrupted connectivity with over 5,700 user institutions in 150 countries around the world. SWIFT No. : PRBLBDDH Deposit Schemes of Dhaka Bank Limited: Bank is the largest mobilizer of surplus domestic savings. For poverty alleviation, we need self employment, for self-employment we need investment and for investment we need savings. In the other words, savings help capital formations and the capital formations help investments in the country.The investment in its turn helps industrialization leading towards creation of wealth of the country. And the wealth finally takes the country on road to progress and prosperity. As such, savings is considered the very basis of prosperity of the country. The more the growth of savings, the more will be the prosperity of the nation. The  savings rate in Bangladesh is one of the lowest in the world. In order to improve the savings rate, Financial Institutions responsible for mobilization of savings should offer attractive Savings Schemes so that the marginal propensity to save increases.The savings do not, of course, depend only on the quantum of income but largely depend on the habit of savings of the people. Contributory Savings Scheme: This is a Savings Scheme in which a person gets the opportunity to build up savings by contributing monthly installments and receives an attractive fixed amount at the end of a specified term. The Scheme is designed to help the fixed income group to save money and build up a sizable funds with which they can go for some income generating venture to improve the quality of their life and/or meet any future financial obligationsThe salient features of the Scheme are given below: > Minimum size of monthly installment shall be Tk. 500/- and multiplies of Tk. 1000/-. Maximum installment size shall be Tk. 25,000/- > The Deposit shall be for a period of 5 years. Lump sum amount shall be paid after maturity or monthly Pension shall be paid for the next 5 years according to the size of deposit. A brief chart of lump sum amount and monthly pension installments payable are shown below: Size of monthly deposit (Taka) |Terminal value after 5 years (Taka) |Pension for next 5 years (Taka) | |500/- |40,000/- |870/- | |1,000/- |80,000/- |1,739/- | |2,000/- |1,60,000/- |3,478/- | |3,000/- |2,40,000/- |5,217/- | |4,000/- |3,20,000/- |6,956/- | |5,000/- |4,00,000/- |8,695/- | |6,000/- |4,80,000/- |10,434/- | |7,000/- |5,60,000/- |12,173/- | |8,000/- |6,40,000/- |13,912/- | |9,000/- |7,20,000/- |15,651/- | |10,000/- |8,00,000/- |17,390/- | |11,000/- |8,80,000/- |19,129/- | |12,000/- |9,60,000/- |20,868/- | |13,000/- |10,40,000/- |22,607/- | |14,000/- |11,20,000/- |24,346/- | |15,000/- |12,00,000/- |26,085/- | |16,000/- |12,80,000/- |27,824/- | |17,000/- 13,60,000/- |29,563/- | |18,000/- |14,40,000/- |31,302/- | |19,000/- |15,20,000/- |33,041/- | |20,000/- |16,00,000/- |34,780/- | |21,000/- |16,80,000/- |36,519/- | |2 2,000/- |17,60,000/- |38,258/- | |23,000/- |18,40,000/- |39,997/- | |24,000/- |19,20,000/- |41,736/- | |25,000/- |20,00,000/- |43,475/- |Short Term Deposit ? A short term deposit (STD) account is a running account with amounts being paid into and drawn out of the account continuously. ? These accounts are called Demand Deposits or Demand Liabilities since the banker is under obligation to pay the money in such deposits on demand. ? These accounts are generally opened by Business Organization, Public Institution, and Corporate Bodies. ? An STD account may be opened by an individual person. ? It is an interest bearing deposit. Interest is calculated on daily basis as per Banks Prescribed Rate and is credited to account on half yearly basis. Current interest rate on STD account  is 6 Percent.Education Savings Scheme The educational expenses particularly the expenses for higher education are sharply increasing day by day in our country. Sometimes, the children are deprived of getting the desired level of education because of the inability of the parents to meet their educational expenses. But the parents would not feel any difficulty to defray such expenses if a proper financial planning is made much ahead of time. Moreover, we are receiving demands from the Islamic minded people of our country for an attractive Savings Scheme on the basis of Islamic Sariah so as to encourage them to save in Islamic way for education of their children.With this end in view, Dhaka Bank Limited has introduced a Savings Scheme entitled â€Å"Education Savings Scheme† in accordance with the principles of Islamic Sariah i. e. , on the basis of profit and loss sharing. The scheme provides a unique opportunity to the parents to make a future provision for the educational expenses of their children when they enter into Schools, Colleges and Universities out of the benefit of a small amount of savings with the Bank at an opportune moment The salient features of the Scheme are give n below: ? The Scheme shall be implemented through all Dhaka branches, though it is specially designed for Islamic Banking branches. ? Deposit of Tk. 50,000/- and multiples thereof but maximum limit of Tk. , 00,000/- at a time will be acceptable under the Scheme. ? A specially designed Receipt shall be issued for the deposit under the Scheme in the same manner as issued in case of FDR. Branches shall use the ESS receipts that used for existing scheme. ? The instrument shall be issued for a period of 5 years term. ? On maturity a lump sum amount of Tk. 85,382/- shall be payable or education allowance @ Tk. 1,854/- per month per Tk. 50,000/- shall be payable on the basis of deposit amount for next 5 years starting from the completion of the term as per following table. Income Tax @10% on interest may be deducted at source at the time of payment of lump sum amount. Initial Deposit (Taka)    |Lump sum amount payable at maturity (Taka)    |Amount of Education allowance per month | | | |  (Taka) | |50,000/- |85,382/- |1,854/- | |1,00,000/- |1,70,763/- |3,705/- | |1,50,000/- |2,56,145/- |5,558/- | |2,00,000/- 3,41,526/- |7,410/- | |2,50,000/- |4,26,908/- |9,263/- | |3,00,000/- |4,69,704/- |11,115/- | |3,50,000/- |5,47,988/- |12,968/- | |4,00,000/- |6,26,272/- |14,820/- | |4,50,000/- |7,04,556/- |16,673/- | |5,00,000/- |7,82,840/- |18,525/- | Double Benefit Deposit Scheme ? The Scheme shall be implemented through all the branches of Dhaka Bank Limited. ? Deposit of Tk. 25,000/- (Taka twenty five thousand) and multiplies thereof but maximum limit of Tk. 25, 00,000/- (Taka twenty five lac) at a time will be acceptable under the scheme. ? The instrument shall be issued for 5 years 4 months term. ? At maturity after 5 years 4 months double the amount of deposit will be paid to the depositor. Photograph of Nominee, duly attested by the depositor, shall be obtained at the time of opening the account. ? Normally no withdrawal will be allowed before maturity. But if any depositor intends to withdraw his deposit before maturity, the following rules will apply: ? (a) No benefit including interest/profit shall be allowed for pre-mature encashment within one year. (b) If the accounts / deposits are closed / encashed after one year of its opening, benefit shall be allowed on the deposit at normal Savings Deposit rate ? The instrument will be acceptable as collateral security against any investment subject to registering lien with the issuing branch. In case of death of a depositor, the amount of instrument will be paid to the nominee, to the legal heirs of the depositor on production of succession certificate. ? In case of instrument is lost the procedure for the issuance of a duplicate receipt will be the same as applicable in case of loss of FDR. ? Under the scheme depositor can get free insurance facility. ? Insurance coverage is only applicable to personal accident and serious illness related insurance policy. ? Depositor can take loan against his/ her deposit under this scheme ? At present no income tax will be deducted from the interest earned. But in future for any change in the government policy Bank reserves the right to deduct income tax.Fixed Deposit Scheme This type of deposit should be kept for a fixed term or period. Dhaka Bank Limited deals with the following terms deposit. Particulars Interest Rate 1(One) month 9. 00% 3(Three) month 12. 00% 6(Six) month 11. 50% 1(One) year 11. 00% Lakhopati Deposit Scheme (a)Monthly Installment size, tenure and terminal value of the scheme will be as follows: Monthly Installment Size (Taka) |Tenure |Amount to be paid after maturity (Taka) | |250/- |15 years |1,00,000/- | |500/- |10 years |1,00,000/- | |1,285/- |5 years |1,00,000/- | |2,400/- |3 years |1,00,000/- | Dhaka Millionaire   Scheme Monthly installment shall be Tk. 12,465. 00 /Tk. 7,890. 00 /Tk. 4,570. 0 for the tenor of 5/7/10 years respectively |Size of monthly deposit   (in |Investment Tenor (in |After the investm ent Tenor the terminal |Pension size of installment | |Taka)   |Year) |value of the Scheme (in Taka) |according to the years Invested | | | | |(in Taka ) | |12,465/- |5 |1,000,000/- |21,748/- | |7,890/- |7 |1,000,000/- |17,137/- | |4,570/- |10 |1,000,000/- |13,786/- | House Building Deposit   Scheme # The tenor of the House Building Deposit Scheme will be 5/7/10 years. # Minimum Equity building amount shall be Tk. 10. 00 lac. |Size of monthly |Size of monthly deposit in|Investment Tenor (in|Age Limit |After the   investment Tenor | |deposit in Tk. |Tk. Year) |(in Year)* |the terminal value of the | |(without |(with Insurance) | | |Scheme | |Insurance) | | | |(in Taka)** | |7,890/- |8,045/- |7 |18 to 38 |1,000,000/- | |12,465/- |12,640/- |5 |18 to 40 |1,000,000/- | |9,135/- |N/A |10 |18 to 35 |2,000,000/- | |15,770/- |N/A |7 |18 to 38 |2,000,000/- | |24,925/- |N/A |5 |18 to 40 |2,000,000/- | * Age upper limit will be applicable for HBL facilities only # Insurance Coverage will be restricted to terminal amount of Tk. ,000,000/-(Taka Ten Lac) only, here the age limit will be from 18 years to 60 years # A person can open more than one account but House Building Loan facility shall be on one account only. # Account in the name of minors can be opened too under the Scheme but without insurance coverage. # The installment shall be payable by the 8th day (in case of holiday the next working day) of every month. Advance payment of any number of installments  is acceptable. 8. CAMEL Rating of 48 Banks: The capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management standard, Earning and Liquidity rating (CAMEL) of all commercial banks on the basis of credit management performance till December 2007 have been rated by Bangladesh Bank (BB). It is mentionable that Dhaka Bank Ltd. got the top position in â€Å"A† class banks. CAMEL Rating:Analyzing the overall operational activities of all commercial and specialized banks; central bank, the regulatory authority of countryâ €™s banking sector has ranked 6 ‘A-class’, 27 ‘B-class’, 8 ‘C-class’,5 ‘D-class’ and 2 ‘E-class’ banks by the end of 2007, which was completed recently. A- Class Banks: 1. Dhaka Bank Ltd. 2. Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd. 3. Commercial Bank of Ceylon. 4. Citibank N. A. 5. State Bank of India 6. Standard chartered Bank B – Class Banks: 1. Eastern Bank Ltd. 2. Premier Bank Ltd. 3. The Trust Bank Ltd. 4. BRAC Bank Ltd. 5. Southeast Bank Ltd. 6. NCC Bank Ltd. 7. One Bank Ltd. 8. Standard Bank Ltd. 9. Woori Bank 10. Bank Alfalah Ltd. 11. National Bank of Pakistan. 12. Dutch Bangla Bank Ltd. 13. Exim Bank Ltd. 14. Mutual Trust Bank Ltd. 15. Jamuna Bank Ltd. 16. Bank Asia 17. Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd. 18. Uttara Bank Ltd. 19.National Bank Ltd 20. The City Bank Ltd 21. Basic Bank Ltd. 22. Habib Bank Ltd. 23. HSBC 24. Pubali Bank Ltd. 25. Mercantile Bank Ltd. 26. Social Investment Bank Ltd. 27. Dhaka Bank. C- Class Ban ks: 1. First Security Bank Ltd. 2. UCBL 3. Al-Arafa Islami Bank 4. Bangladesh Shilpa Rin Sangstha 5. IFIC Bank Ltd. 6. AB Bank Ltd. 7. Agrani Bank Ltd. 8. Rupali Bank Ltd. D- Class Banks: 1. Sonali Bank Ltd. 2. Bangladesh Krishi Bank 3. Bangladesh Shilpa Bank 4. Janata Bank Ltd. 5. RAKUB E-Class Bank: 1. Bangladesh Commerce Bank Ltd. 2. Oriental Bank Ltd. 9. Recommendation After observing the operation procedure of DBL, I recommended the following: ATM:Dhaka Bank has few ATM booths in the Dhaka city, but these are not sufficient to give service to the customer’s . So Dhaka Bank has arranged an agreement with Dutch Bangla Bank limited so that the customers of the Dhaka Bank can use its booth. To give smooth service to the customers Dhaka Bank should increase its own ATM Booth. Branch: Dhaka Bank should open branches in the all district towns besides Dhaka & Chittagong city for expansion its business area. Interest Rate: Dhaka Bank should Increase interest rate on FDR and other deposit scheme. Islamic Banking Branch: Bangladesh is a Muslim majority country, so Dhaka Bank should increase their Islamic Banking Branch in Bangladesh. 10. ConclusionIn Halishahar branch I have been working for 3 months, by this time I have found some good strengths and opportunities, Dhaka Bank Halishahar Branch has a strong opportunity to achieve strong market in Halishahar area because it is situated in a appropriate and attractive place. In short time Halishahar Branch gathered 30 core deposits; this is a great achievement for Halishahar branch and also achieving healthy profit as a new branch. From my view, this branch has some Strength these are: ? Dhaka Bank has well reputation in the market. It is number one Private commercial Bank in Bangladesh. ? In Halishahar branch efficient management practice. ? Halishahar branch is Well-furnished and Air-conditioned Bank. Dhaka Bank’s Officers are highly educated. ? Dhaka Bank’s Executives are highly qualified and ex perienced. ? Credit Department of Halishahar branch is strong prospective department. ? Dhaka Bank gathered maximum market share in banking business. ? Dhaka Bank not engaged in unfair business practice. ? Dhaka Bank has many attractive deposit schemes. ? Dhaka Bank becomes more reliable to the all kind of people. References 1. Kenova, V. & Jonasson P. 2006. Quality Online Banking Service. Jonkoping university. 2. Pallent, Julie. 2007. SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis usingSPSS for Windows. England: McGraw. 3. Cooper, D. R. , & Schindler, P. S. (2003).Business research methods (9th Ed. ). Mc GrawHill. 4. Cooper and Schindler (2006) 5. Malhotra 2003 6. http://www. htm. uoguelph. ca, 7. â€Å"Marketing Professional Services† By Philip Kotler, Thomas Hayes, Paul Bloom. 8. Mr. Alan Lau, Head of Consumer Banking, Maybank Singapore 9. October 20011 Mr. Laksham Silva, CEO, DFCC Vardhana Bank (07/03/2012 ADRIANA REYNERI), (Tanbir Ahmed Chowdhury-2009). â₠¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Deposit-slip depositing the cheque along with Crossing of the cheque are done indicating the Branch as collecting bank Entries are given in the Outward Clearing Register Endorsement â€Å"Payee’s A/C will be credited on realization† is given